South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *saj-

Meaning : to cease

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kannada : say

Kannada meaning : to cease, be quieted, be stilled

Kannada derivates : saytu cessation, ceasing from action, rest, ease, quiet, stillness, silence; saypu cessation, quiet, stillness; saddu (sg.), saddi (pl.) cease! stop! (verb used in the imperative only); sasane, sasine still, uttering no sound, motionless; sāvagisu to cease, become quiet, still

Tulu : sairụ, hairụ, tairụ, airụ

Tulu meaning : (B-K) to wait, stop, be patient

Notes : It is unclear what causes such a huge number of reflexes in Tulu.

Number in DED : 2351

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *sāj-

Meaning : to leave; to cease

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *saj-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *sāj-

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *sāj-

Meaning : to leave

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : say- (sayt-) "to leave, let go, release"

Kolami (Setumadhava Rao) : sāy-

Naikri : sāy- "leave, abandon"

Naiki : say-

Parji : cāy-

Ollari Gadba : sāy- "to leave, abandon"

Salur Gadba : sāy key- "to leave, let loose"

Kondekor Gadba : sāy- "to leave, heal (intr.)"

Additional forms : Also Kolami sasi- (sasit-) to leave (say- + sī- to give); Parji (S) cāypip- (cāypit-) to cause to leave, wean; Gadba_S3 sāyupp- to heal a wound

Number in DED : 2458

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *zaɣe

Meaning: to interrupt, stop

Indo-European: *sēy- [or *sthā- 'stand'?]

Altaic: *zagè

Kartvelian: *zɣw-ed- 'to limit, fence', *zɣw-ar- 'limit'; Georg. zɣv-an- 'to limit'

Dravidian: *sāj-

References: Attempts of different etymologies for Kartv. see in ND 2658 *źiɣ(o)dV, 2678 *źoГRu/ü.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *sēy-

Meaning: to linger

Baltic: *seĩ-n-ī̂- vb., *sei-n-iā̃ f., *sein-ā̂ f.

Germanic: *sī́-ɵ-u- adj., comp. *sī́-ɵ-iz=; *si-n-ē- vb., *sai-n-ia- vb., *sai-n=, *sai-m=, *si-m=, ? *sa-n-i- c.

Latin: sētius, -a `weniger', sērus, -a `spät'

Celtic: *sēr-, *sēis, *sit- > OIr sīr `langdauernd, ewig', comp. sīa, sup. sīam, MIr sith- `lang, andauernd', comp. sithithir `ebenso lang'; OCymr hit `Länge', Cymr hir `lang', comp. hwy, sup. hwyaf, hyd `Länge, Fortdauer, Weile; usque ad'; hes `Länge', Corn hir `lang', Bret hir `lang', hed, het m. `Länge'

Russ. meaning: медлить

References: WP II 459 f

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *seĩ-n-ī̂- vb., *sei-n-iā̃ f., *sein-ā̂ f.

Meaning: enough

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: seĩnīti (+ dat.+neg.) 'nicht gleichkommen', für jmd. genug haben', seine 'Genüge', at-sainu- `nachlässig, fahrlässig, sorglos' , seinà 'genügende Menge'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *sī́ɵu-, comp. *sī́ɵiz; *sinēn-, *sainian-, *sain=, *saim=, *sim=, ? *sani-z

Meaning: late, later

IE etymology: IE etymology

Gothic: sīɵu-s (u) `late'; sīɵu n. (u) `evening'; ɵana-sīɵs adv. `still'; *sainjan wk. `delay'

Old Norse: sīδr adv. `weniger, kaum'; sīδan `später; darnach', comp. sīδarr adv., sīδarri adj. `später'; sīz `seit, seitdem; da, weil'; sīδ adv. `spät'; sup. sīz, sīzt am wenigsten, gar nicht'; sein-n `langsam; spät'; sīδ f. `Weile' (um sīδ; um, of sīδir `schliesslich, später'); seina vb. `verzögern, versäumen'

Norwegian: seimen `saumselig, langsam'; dial. sīna (prt. sein) `langsam fortgleiten od. schreiten, herabsinken'; sid adv. `spät'; siden adv.; sein

Old Swedish: siɵer adv. comp.

Swedish: omsider adv.; sedan adv.

Old Danish: sithär adv. comp.

Danish: omsider adv.; siden adv.

Old English: sīɵ `sedert'; sīɵor `later'; sǟne `langsam, träge'; ā-sānian `schlaff, schwach w.'; comp. sǟmra `schlechter', seomian `schwerlegen, herunterhangen'

Old Frisian: sether `later, daarna, dan'

Old Saxon: sīth `später, seitdem'; sīthor `later; sedert, sedert dat, toen'

Middle Dutch: sēder(t); sīder `sedert'

Dutch: sedert, vlam. sijder(t)

Middle Low German: sēder(t), sedder

Old High German: sīd (um 800) `später, seitdem'; laneseimi (10.Jh.) `langsam'; sīdor `later'; ? senēn (?) (Hs. 12. Jh.) 'schlaff sein'

Middle High German: sīt adv., conj. 'seitdem, von da an, hernach, später, infolgedessen, da, weil', prp. 'von einer bestimmten Zeit an, nach'; sider `sedert'; seine `langsam, träge'; ? sɛnen wk. `sich sehnen, härmen, liebendes oder schmerzliches Verlangen tragen', sɛne, sɛn st. f. 'das sehnen, verlangen, sehnsucht, kummer'

German: seit; ? sich sehnen; langsam

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *zagè

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to prevent, obstruct

Russian meaning: препятствовать

Turkic: *jɨg-

Mongolian: *seg

Tungus-Manchu: *sagi-

Japanese: *sǝk-

Comments: The parallel appears plausible, with the semantics 'prevent' > 'interrupt' or 'prevent, be prevented from' > 'stay away from'.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *jɨg-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to prevent, obstruct, restrain

Russian meaning: препятствовать, сдерживать

Karakhanid: jɨɣ- (KB, AT, Tefs)

Middle Turkic: jɨɣ- (Abush.)

Uighur: jiɣ-

Comments: VEWT 200, EDT 897.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *seg

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: interruption; rest

Russian meaning: перерыв; отдых

Written Mongolian: seg (L 681)

Khalkha: seg

Kalmuck: seg

Ordos: seg

Comments: KW 321. Cf. also WMong. saɣali- 'to avoid, shun' (L 657).

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sagi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to be shy, timid 2 to worry about smth.

Russian meaning: 1 стесняться 2 беспокоиться о чем-л.

Even: haɣjịŋčị- 2

Negidal: saɣị̄jịn- 1

Nanai: sāgo- 'спохватываться' (Он.)

Solon: sāgildi- 1

Comments: ТМС 2, 53.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *sǝk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to get distant 2 stay away from

Russian meaning: 1 отдаляться 2 отступать, держаться поодаль

Old Japanese: sok- 1, soka- 2

Comments: JLTT 755.

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *zɣw-ed- /zɣw-d-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: огpаничивать, огpаждать

English meaning: to limit, to fence

Georgian: zɣud-

Georgian meaning (Rus.): огpаждать; zɣude 'стена'

Georgian meaning (Engl.): to fence; zɣude 'wall'

Megrel: zɣvind- / zɣod-

Megrel meaning (Rus.): истpеблять; zɣude- 'стена'

Megrel meaning (Eng.): to exterminate; zɣude- 'wall'

Svan: ʒɣwid, zɣwid

Svan meaning (Rus.): стена

Svan meaning (Eng.): wall

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 89.

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