South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *ā̆m-

Meaning : water

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : am, ām

Tamil meaning : water

Tamil derivates : amm-en_al onom. expr. of filling or overflowing, as of water

Number in DED : 0187

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *ā̆m-

Meaning : water

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *ā̆m-

Proto-North Dravidian : *am

Notes : A NDR-Tamil isogloss, possibly archaic in the light of external comparison; in any case, borrowing from Old Indian ámbu-, ámbhas- 'water' is quite unlikely (inlaut -mb- would not be simplified in Dravidian). // Present in 2/6 branches.

North Dravidian etymology :

Proto-North-Dravidian : *am

Meaning : water, urine, dropsy

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kurukh : amm

Malto : amu

Additional forms : Also MLT am-amre to water (as the mouth); amsro waterish.

Number in DED : 187

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *jamV

Meaning: sea

Borean: Borean

Altaic: *ā̀mú

Uralic: Sam. jamV

Dravidian: *am-

Eskimo-Aleut: *ima

Chukchee-Kamchatkan: *jemǝ-ɫqǝ-n 'болото, мокрая тундра'

References: МССНЯ 349, ОСНЯ 1, 279-280; ND 2632 *yamV 'body of water' (Ur., Drav. + Sem.; rest of SH may reflect also *mVwHV).

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *ā̀mú

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: river, valley

Russian meaning: река, долина

Mongolian: *ama-n

Tungus-Manchu: *āmu-

Korean: *omi

Japanese: *ùmí

Comments: Cf. Amu-Darya in Turk.; Oyr. Umar 'big river (Ob').?

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *ama-n

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: valley

Russian meaning: падь, долина

Written Mongolian: ama(n)

Middle Mongolian: ama-sar 'mountain fold' (SH)

Khalkha: am(an)

Kalmuck: amn

Ordos: ama(n)

Comments: KW 9. Should be distinguished from *ama-n 'mouth'.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *āmu-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 lake 2 river

Russian meaning: 1 озеро 2 река

Evenki: āmut 1

Even: amar, āmār 2

Negidal: amụt 1

Spoken Manchu: omǝ 1 (2082)

Literary Manchu: omo 1

Jurchen: omo (45) 1

Nanai: amoã 1

Oroch: amu 1

Udighe: amuli 'name of a river' (Корм. 207)

Solon: amụǯi 1, amur 2

Comments: ТМС 1, 40. Man. > Oroch, Ul. omo, Orok omō id.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *omi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: land sink, pool

Russian meaning: впадина (заполненная водой), лужа

Modern Korean: omi

Comments: KED 1200.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *ùmí

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: sea

Russian meaning: море

Old Japanese: umji

Middle Japanese: ùmí

Tokyo: úmi

Kyoto: ùmí

Kagoshima: umí

Comments: JLTT 562.

Eskimo etymology :

Proto-Eskimo: *ima-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: sea, ocean

Russian meaning: море, океан

Proto-Yupik: *ima-

Proto-Inupik: *ima-

Comments: Cf. *imaʁ(u)- 'to be wet, to melt'.

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 130

Yupik etymology :

Proto-Yupik: *ima-

Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology

Meaning: sea, ocean

Russian Meaning: море, океан

Sirenik: ímǝχ (-ʁ-)

Chaplino: imáq (t)

Naukan: imáq

Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: imaq

Chugach (Birket-Smith): imaq

Central Alaskan Yupik: imạq

PAME: *ima- 'salt water'

Inupik etymology :

Proto-Inupik: *ịmạ-

Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology

Meaning: sea, ocean 1, lake 2, water not fo drinking 3

Russian meaning: море, океан 1, озеро 2, непитьевая вода 3

Seward Peninsula Inupik: imaq 1

SPI Dialects: Imaq ímaq 1, W imaq* 1

North Alaskan Inupik: imaq 1, 2, 3

NAI Dialects: B imaq* 1, Ingl imma* 3sg. 1

Western Canadian Inupik: imaq 3

WCI Dialects: Cor, M imaq* 1

Eastern Canadian Inupik: imaq 3, 1

Greenlandic Inupik: imaq (imaq*) 1

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 130, 131

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : JVMV

Meaning : sea, water

Eurasiatic : *jamV

Afroasiatic : *ham-

Austric : PAA *ʔVm, MY *ʔvom water, Tai ʔam wet

Amerind (misc.) : *jume 'water' (GE 78)

Reference : GE 78 *yami.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ham-

Meaning: flow, water

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *hVmVw/y- 'pour'

Berber: *Ham-an (pl.) 'water'

Western Chadic: *ham- 'water'

East Chadic: *ʔam-'water' 1 , 'rain' 2

Semitic etymology :

Number: 698

Proto-Semitic: *hVmVw/y-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'pour'

Arabic: hmw, hmy [-i-, -u-]

Notes: Denominative verb based on *hVm-

Berber etymology :

Proto-Berber: *Ham-an (pl.)

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'water'

Ghadames: ama-n

Siwa: ama-n (pl.)

Ghat: ama-n

Ayr: ama-n

Ahaggar (Tahaggart): âma-n

Tawllemmet: ama-n

Taneslemt: ama-n

Zenaga: ama-n

Semlal: ama-n

Ntifa: ama-n

Izdeg: ama-n

Izayan: ama-n

Rif: ama-n

Mzab: ama-n

Wargla: ama-n

Shenwa: ama-n

Shawiya: ama-n

Qabyle (Ayt Mangellat): ama-n

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *ham-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'water'

Mupun: àm [FrM]

Sura: àm [JgS]

Angas: am [Fl]

Montol: hàm [LgC]

Ankwe=Goemai: ham [Fp]

Gerke=Yiwom: ɣàm [JgC]

Bolewa: ʔàmmá [ShV] (pl.)

Karekare: àmù [ShV]

Tangale: am [JgT]

Ngamo: hàm [ShV]

Maha: amma [NmM]

Bele: àmmá [ShB]

Kifri=Giwo: àmmá [ShB]

Gera: hàmá [ShB]

Galambu: àmá [ShB]

Geruma: àmmá [ShB]

Fyer: ham {JgR]

Bokos: ham {JgR]

Sha: ham {JgR]

Kulere: ʔàam {JgR]

Ngizim: âm [ShN]

Bade: am-un [CLR: 340]

East Chadic etymology :

Proto-EChadic: *ʔam-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'water' 1, 'rain' 2

Lele: kāmā [CLR: 341]

Kabalai: ka-amǝ̀ [CLR: 341]

Kwang: kà-ām, ká-ám [CLR: 341]

Migama: àmmì pl. [JMig]

Jegu: ʔám [CLR: 341]

Bidiya: ʔàmay coll. 1, 2 [JBid]

Mubi: àamé, ʔàm [CLR: 341]

Birgit: ʔà̀mì [CLR: 341]

Austric etymology :

Proto-Austric: *ʔVm

Meaning: water, wet

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Proto-Austroasiatic: ʔVm

Austroasiatic meaning: water

Miao-Yao parallels: MY ʔvom.A

Proto-Thai: ʔam.A wet CK

Austro-Asiatic etymology :

Proto-Austro-Asiatic: ʔVm

Meaning: water

Austric etymology: Austric etymology

Thai: ʔam.A wet CK

Proto-Palaungic: *ʔɔ:m, r-

Proto-Khmu: *ʔom

Khasi: um water

Proto-Aslian: *tɔm

References: Kh 796

Palaung-Wa etymology :

Proto-Palaung-Wa: *rVʔ

Meaning: to sing

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Proto-Wa: Pr rhaʔ

Aslian etymology :

Proto-Aslian: *tɔm

Austro-Asiatic etymology: Austro-Asiatic etymology

Meaning: water

Semoq Beri: tɔm

Jah-Hut: tɔm

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