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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *agal-
Meaning : to spread
Tamil : akal (akalv-, akan_r_-)
Tamil meaning : to spread, widen, extend, depart, go away
Tamil derivates : akalam, (Tinn.) avalam width, extent, expanse, greatness, earth, sky; akali (-pp-, -tt-) to broaden out, enlarge (intr.); akaluḷ width, expanse, greatness, earth, town, village, country; akalvu extent, expanse; akar_ci breadth, separation, ascetic life; akar_r_u (akar_r_i-) to widen (tr.), broaden, extend, remove, expel, banish; akar_al extension; akavu (akavi-) to become long, lengthen out; ālam breadth; ār_r_u (ār_r_i-) to remove, put away; ān_r_a wide; ān_r_al extension, width
Malayalam : akaluka
Malayalam meaning : to become extended, distant, part, retire
Malayalam derivates : akalca separation, distance; akar_r_uka to extend (tr.), open, remove, put away; akattuka to distend; akalam breadth, distance; ālam breadth; akala, akalē far off, aside
Kannada : agal (agald-)
Kannada meaning : to be spacious, extensive, separate from, go away
Kannada derivates : agala space, width, extension; agalike separation from; agalcu to spread out, remove; agundale extensiveness, greatness; (PBh.) agunti greatness, vastness
Tulu : agapuni
Tulu meaning : to depart; to separate (tr.), to extend
Tulu derivates : agapāvuni to send away, cause to depart; agela breadth; (B-K.) agelụ to go apart, widen
Notes : The auslaut -al - on SDR grounds at least - forms part of the root (Tamil ālam < dial. *agalam; Toda ox in ox ɨn-, etc. may be a contraction from earlier *oxl- < *agal-).
Number in DED : 0008
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *ag-
Meaning : broad
Kota : agalm (obl. agalt-) "width"
Toda : ox ɨn- "be broad"
Additional forms : Also Kota ān- (ād_-) to open (mouth) wide; (mouth) is open wide (PSS); Toda ox et_- (ox et_y-) to make broad
Notes : Kota ān- is compared with forms like Tamil ān_r_a 'wide' (supposedly from *ak-an_r_-?). If it is so, the Kota form should be traced back to *ag-nd_- > *ā-nd_- > *ān-.
Number in DED : 8
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-notes,ktet-dednum,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *agál-
Meaning : 1 wide, broad 2 to leave, depart
Proto-North Dravidian : *agar- Notes : South Dravidian and Telugu languages mostly agree in displaying a bisyllabic version of the stem. It is unclear how this ties in with Malto agare, where -ar- is a typical Malto suffix. Perhaps the Malto form < *agl-are? // Present in 3/6 branches.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-ndr,dravet-notes,
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Telugu etymology :
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Proto-Telugu : *agal-
Meaning : to leave, depart, be gone (of strength in war, liveliness, etc.)
Telugu (Krishnamurti) : agalu
Number in DED : 8
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_kr,telet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *agar-
Meaning : to spread, increase, become public
Malto : agare
Additional forms : Also MLT agatre to spread, distribute.
Number in DED : 8
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-mlt,ndret-addition,ndret-dednum,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *ʔaḳa
Meaning: to open, spread
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *ák`à
Meaning: to open, opening
Russian meaning: открывать, отверстие
Comments: Martin 238. A Kor.-Jpn. isogloss: in other languages (Turkic, Mongolian) the root has probably merged with *ága 'mouth, open mouth' q. v. altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *àk-
Meaning: 1 mouth 2 a little open, apart 3 opening, slit
Russian meaning: 1 рот 2 приоткрытый 3 отверстие
Modern Korean: aguri 1, agu 2, agɨt [akɨs] 3
Middle Korean: akui, ìp-àkói 1
Comments: Nam 333, 407, KED 1067. koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *áká-
Meaning: to open
Russian meaning: открывать
Old Japanese: aka-
Middle Japanese: áká-
Tokyo: àke-
Comments: JLTT 675 (in OJ the root is usually confused with *áká- 'get bright'). japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-comments,
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Long-range etymologies :
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Borean (approx.) : HVKV
Meaning : open; hole
Reference : Suggested by V. Glumov.
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,globet-reference,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=ắxqV
Meaning: cavity, hole; to open
Comments and references : HGC 31. Sino-Tibetan, just like Burushaski, probably reflects a form with a labial class prefix like *u̯-ắxqV. sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,sccet-buru,sccet-notes,
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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *=aq_V
Meaning: to open
Notes: The EC-WC comparison see in Абдоков 1983, 157.
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: a=aqa-
Meaning: to open wide, to gape
Lak form: a=aqa-n
Comments: G. pr. a=a=qu-n.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ʔaqa
Meaning: 1 to open 2 opened 3 to give away (a secret)
Lezghian: aqa 2
Agul: d-aq- 1
Tsakhur: aqa- 1
Budukh: q:-aq- 3
Archi: d-aχa as 1
Udi: qaj 2
Comment: Cf. also Ag. Bursh. d-aqa- 'to open'. Lezg., Arch. and Udi reflect a participial form *ʔaqa-j. See Бокарев 1961, 68; Лексика 1971, 259; Гигинейшвили 1977, 134.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-agu,lezget-cak,lezget-bud,lezget-arc,lezget-udi,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *q:V (~q̇-)
Meaning: to open, open wide
Adyghe: wǝq:ǝ-n
Kabardian: wǝq:ǝ-n
Comments: PAK *wǝ-q:ǝ- (with a widely spread common WC verbal prefix wǝ-).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *ʔĕk ( ~ q(h)-)
Meaning: split, open
Burmese: ak to crack open.
Lushai: ek (eʔ) split or cleave (as wood).
Lepcha: ók to open (as door, mouth)
Comments: Bunan ag mouth. Ben. 36. Cf. Yamphu okma 'open, pull apart'.
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-burm,stibet-lush,stibet-lepcha,stibet-comments,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *ʔaK- (~x-)
Meaning: mouth cavity
Ket: agdi5; (Werner 1, 22) ákŋiĺ īteŋ 'hintere Zähne'
Comments: ССЕ 179-180. Werner 1, 17 (supposes a compound with *ǯiʔ 'stem').
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-notes,
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Burushaski etymology :
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Common Burushaski: *waq
Meaning: slightly opened (mouth, hands, etc.)
Yasin: waq
Hunza: waq
Nagar: waq
Comments: Sh. waŋ, L wak
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-yas,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,buruet-notes,
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