Гондванская этимология :

Прагонди-куи: *aj-

Значение: mother, woman

PRNUM: PRNUM

Прагонди: *jāj-/*māj-/*mīj-

Конда: aya (pl. ayek)

Прапенго-манда: *aj-a/*jaj-a/*tjaj-a

Пракуи-куви: *aj-/*jaj-

Комментарии: The root was heavily used with posessive prefixes. The most frequent form is *yay- 'my mother'. In some dialects this form became generalized, with the following shift of meaning: 'my mother' > 'mother in general', 'mother' > 'woman'. A new form, based on the 1st person pl. pronoun (Gondi māy-, Kuwi māya) resulted from the loss of initial y- and the secondary merger of the simple and the prefixed forms.

Гонди этимология :

Прагонди: *jāj-/*māj-/*mīj-

Значение: mother; female

PRNUM: PRNUM

Бетульский: yāyāl "mother"

Мандла (Уильямсон): māī "female"

Гомму: iyāl "mother"

Мурия: ayal "mother"

Мария: mīyal "your mother"

Мария (Митчелл): yāyo "mother"

Мандла: māyi "wife, woman"

Чхиндвара: māyo "mother"

Дополнительные формы: Also Gondi_W maijū wife

Комментарии: The form *māy- means 'my mother', while *mīy- is 'your mother'

Номер по DED: 364

Номер по CVOTGD: 69, 180, 2796, 2854, 3007

Конда этимология :

Конда: aya (pl. ayek)

MEANING: mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Дополнительные формы: Also Konda ayma woman, wife; ayli daughter, girl; yāya mother (related to 1st or 2nd person); aysi id. (related to 3rd person)

Номер по DED: 364

Пенго-манда этимология :

Прапенго-манда: *aj-a/*jaj-a/*tjaj-a

Значение: mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Пенго: aya, iya

Манда: aya

Дополнительные формы: Also Pengo aya-taṛi woman; teya female of animal; teyhi mother (related to 3rd person); Manda taya female of animal

Комментарии: In Manda two protoforms (*yay- originally meaning 'my mother') merged phonetically.

Номер по DED: 364

Куи-куви этимология :

Пракуи-куви: *aj-/*jaj-

Значение: mother; woman

PRNUM: PRNUM

Куи: aia, aiali, aja, ia, ija, ijali "mother, woman"

Куви (Фитцджеральд): īya "mother"

Куви (Шульце): īya "mother, woman"

Сункараметта куви: aya (pl. -ska) "woman"

Парджа куви: aya (pl. -ska) "woman"

Куви (Израэль): āya (pl. -ska/-sika) "woman, wife"

Дополнительные формы: Also Kuwi_F māiya my mother, māya your mother; aiya woman; Kuwi_S māyia my, our mother, mīya your mother; Kuwi_Su iya (pl. -ska) mother; mīya your mother

Комментарии: The forms *aya and *yaya actually had different meanings in PK (as well as in PDR) - 'woman' and 'mother' respectively. However, in modern dialects they have been often contaminated, as in Kui. Moreover, some Kuwi dialects have inherited PDR possessive forms, or, rather, the tendency of their "possessivisation": the form māiya goes back to *mā-yaya 'us + mother', while Kuwi_F māya and Kuwi_S mīya go back to *mī-yaya 'you + mother'. The initial *y- in the form for 'mother' has to be postulated principally because of different vocalism in these two forms (cf. PK *yamb- > Kuwi_F amb-, Kuwi_S imb-). In Kuwi_F *yaya > *īya (and not *āya, which would have been regular) because of the influence of the following -y- (like *yambi > imbi because of the following -i-). In Kui the variants -i- and -j- seem to be free; the variant -j- should be the regular one, but we may suggest that the variant with -i- has been preserved for expressive reasons. As for other Kui dialects, it is hard to say whether some of them have lost one of the two forms (*aya and *yaya), having generalized the other one for both meanings, or whether they have merged phonetically, since reflexes of PK *ya- are unknown. Thus, Kuwi_Isr āya may reflect aya, having lost the form *yaya, or may represent both of them, if we suggest a development *ya- > ā- (indeed, the second explanation is preferable, since otherwise it is impossible to explain the vowel length).

Номер по DED: 364

Дравидийская этимология :

Прадравидийский: *aj-

Значение: mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Праюжнодравидийский: *āj

Прателугу: *t-āj-

Праколами-гадаба: *aj

Прагонди-куи: *aj-

Прасеверно-дравидийский: *aj-a

Комментарии: The word was used with pronominal prefixes in PDR: *tāy 'his, her mother', etc. (some of these forms are innovative). The vowel was presumably long only in prefixed forms, and later was analogized in such languages as Tamil (āy 'mother').

Южнодравидийская этимология :

Праюжно-дравидийский: *āj

Значение: mother; woman

PRNUM: PRNUM

Тамильский: āy, āyi, yāy, ñāy

Тамильское значение: mother

Тамильские производные: āycci, ācci mother, grandmother; āccāḷ mother; āyāḷ mother, grandmother, old woman; (yāy my mother, ñāy thy mother; Kur_unt 40); tāy mother; tāycci wet nurse, pregnant woman; tāyār mother, Lakṣmī; tāymai motherhood

Малаялам: ācci

Малаяльское значение: mother, grandmother

Малаяльские производные: tāyi mother

Каннада: āyi, tāy, tāyi, tāye

Каннада значение: mother

Кодагу: tāyi

Кодагу значение: grandmother

Тулу: tāyi

Тулу значение: mother

Пранильгирийский: *t-āj

Номер по DED: 0364

Нильгирийская этимология :

Пранильгирийский: *t-āj

Значение: mother (in songs)

PRNUM: PRNUM

Тода: tōy

Номер по DED: 364

Телугу этимология :

Прателугу: *t-āj-

Значение: mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Телугу: tāyi

Номер по DED: 364

Колами-гадаба этимология :

Праколами-гадаба: *aj

Значение: mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Колами: ay

Найкри: ayma "woman"

Парджи: ayal (pl. aycil) "woman, wife"

Гадаба (диал. оллари): ā̆ya

Гадаба (салурский диалект): āya

Дополнительные формы: Also Naikri ayka (pl. -śikuḷ) husband's elder sister; Parji iya (pl. iyov) mother; Ollari ayal woman, wife; asmal woman; Salur ayāl wife; āsmal woman

Номер по DED: 364

Севернодравидийская этимология :

Прасеверно-дравидийский: *aj-a

Значение: mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Курух: ayaŋg "mother (without explicit reference to the children)"

Малто: ayya "my mother"

Дополнительные формы: Also KUR ayō mother (iŋgyō, niŋgyō, taŋgyō my, thy [his, her, their] mother); MLT ijjo thy or your mother; teho his, her, or their mother.

Номер по DED: 364

Ностратическая этимология :

Евразийский: *ʔVjV ?

Значение: mother

Борейский: Борейский

Индоевропейский: ? Germ. aiþī 'mother'

Уральский: Sam. *ija 'mother'

Дравидийский: *aj-

Ссылки: ND 102 *ʔ[ä]yV 'mother' (suggests that this is the origin of the fem. marker *j/*i in Sem., IE and Alt.).

Глобальные этимологии :

"Борейский" (гипот.): HVJV

Значение: mother

Евразийский: *ʔVjV ?

Афразийский: *ʔj- 'mother' (Cush., Omot.)

Сино-кавказский: PEC *jājV 'mother, grandmother'

Австрический: *ja

Америндский (разн.): *ʔaya 'woman' (GE 1)

Африка (разн.): ? Bantu *-nyàŋgú, *-nyàŋgó 'mother'.

Ссылки: ND 102; GE 1 (+ Khois., NC, NS, ?IP, Nahali; different SC).

Австрическая этимология :

PROTO: *ja

MEANING: grandmother

PRNUM: PRNUM

AA: *ja

AAME: grandmother

MYAO: Yao *ja 'father's sister'

AN: Atayal jajaʔ 'mother', Pazeh jah 'older sister'

TAI: ja:j.A grandmother (from mother's side); ja:.B grandmother; *ja 'mother, grandmother'

BIBL: GE 1 (with more data)

Австроазиатская этимология :

Пра-АА: *ja

Значение: grandmother

PRNUM: PRNUM

THAI: ja:j.A grandmother (from mother's side);ja:.B grandmother

KAT: *jaʔ

BAH: *jaʔ

Кхмерский: ja:j < OK ja:

Вьет-Мыонг: RUCL ja.1

Прамонский: M ja:j T?

Палаунг-Ва: *jVʔ

Кхму: *jaʔ

Кату этимология :

PROTO: *jaʔ

MEANING: old woman

PRPR: #/ʔǝ-

PRNUM: PRNUM

WKAT: *jaʔ

EKAT: NGE jaʔ

NOTES: may be borrowed from a Tai source

Западно-кату этимология :

PROTO: *jaʔ

MEANING: old woman

WPRE: #/ʔǝ-

PRNUM: PRNUM

VKV: jaʔ.L

VKVME: old woman

BRU: ʔǝjaʔ.B

BRUME: a title for woman

Бахнарская этимология :

PROTO: *jaʔ

MEANING: grandparent

PRNUM: PRNUM

BAH: jaʔ

BAHME: grandmother

NOB: *jaʔ.T

WEB: *jaʔ, ʔǝ-/#

NWB: *ja / *jaʔ

HAR: ja:ʔ, jaʔ T?

REFER: PNB-310, JS-139, TB7.44

Северно-бахнарская этимология :

Прасевернобахнарский: *jaʔ.T

Значение: grandmother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Форма ренгао: jaʔ.T

Значение ренгао: grandmother

Форма дже: jaʔ.T

Значение дже: grandmother

Форма седанг: ja.L

Значение седанг: grandmother

Форма хре: jaʔ.T

Значение хре: grandmother

Ссылки: PNB-310

Западно-бахнарская этимология :

Празападнобахнарский: *jaʔ, ʔǝ-/#

Значение: grandparent

PRNUM: PRNUM

Форма джару: ʔjaʔ ʔjɔ:

Значение джару: male ancestors; ʔjaʔ ʔjie female ancestors

Форма няхенг: jaʔ jɔ

Значение няхенг: grandfather; jaʔ jie grandmother

Форма брао: jaʔ

Значение брао: grandparent

Ссылки: JS-139

Северозападно-бахнарская этимология :

Прасеверозападно- бахнарский: *ja / *jaʔ

Значение: grandmother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Тарианг: ja:

Касенг: ja:

Яэ: ja:

Харакская этимология :

Прахаракский: *ja / *jaʔ

Значение: grandmother

PRNUM: PRNUM

Харак: ja:ʔ, jaʔ T?

Кхмерская этимология :

PROTO: ja:j

PRNUM: PRNUM

OKH: ja:

OKMEAN: grandmother

REF: P384

Вьетмыонгская этимология :

PROTO:

MEANING: paternal grandfather

PRNUM: PRNUM

AREM: ʔujæ: pìǝʔ

PRRU: *ja.1

RUCR: ja:.1 paternal grandmother

RUCL: ja:.1

RNTF: ja:.1

RUCME: paternal grandfather

BIB: NTF30, NVL135

Палаунг-ва этимология :

PROTO:

PRNUM: PRNUM

PRWA: *jVʔ

PRPL: *jaʔ

PRDE: *ja:

RIANG: jâʔ.2

RIMEAM: wife, grandmother

PRAN: *jaʔ

LAMET: ja:ʔ.2 father's mother

DANAW: jaʔ.1 father's mother

Ва этимология :

PROTO:

MEANING: father's mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

PRAOK: jiɛʔ.B

PRAOKME: father's mother

MAS: jaʔ

LAWA: jeʔ, jɨǝʔ

LAWAME: father's mother

UM: jɨa F??

GS: jaʔ.2

GSME: father's mother

BIB: D-112: *jaʔ

Планг этимология :

PROTO: *jaʔ

MEANING: father's mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

MANE: jaʔ.2

MANME: father's mother

KONT: jaʔ.1, ʔa- T??

KONTME: father's mother

SAP: jaʔ, ʔa-

SAPME: father's mother

SAD: jaʔ.2

SADME: father's mother

BIB: P-190: *jaʔ.2

Деанг этимология :

PROTO: *ja:

MEANING: father's mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

DEA: jia:

DEA1: ja:

Ангку этимология :

PROTO: *jaʔ

MEANING: father's mother

PRNUM: PRNUM

PHU: jaʔ.55

PH2: ja.55

U: ńa.3 < *ńa: ???

BIB: WW-321; S-108

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