Change viewing parameters
Select another database

Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *jeẓ- ~ *jeẓái-
Meaning : to weep, cry
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *aẓ- ~ *aẓai-
Proto-Telugu : *ēḍ-
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *aṛ-
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *aṛi-
Notes : Initial *je- tentatively reconstructed on the basis of the correspondence "PSDR *a- : Telugu *e-" (cf. similarly PDR *jed_- 'to know'). At least two different stems have to be postulated for PDR: monosyllabic *jeẓ- (> SDR, Telugu, possibly PKG) as well as bisyllabic *jeẓái- (> SDR, PGn, possibly PKG). // Present in 4/6 branches.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-koga,dravet-gnd,dravet-notes,

Search within this database


South Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *aẓ- ~ *aẓai-
Meaning : to cry
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : aẓu (-v-, -t-)
Tamil meaning : to cry, weep, lament
Tamil derivates : aẓai (-pp-, -tt-) to call, cry out, summon; n. crying, weeping; aẓukuṇi tearful person, one who is always crying; aẓukai pathetic sentiment; aẓuŋku (aẓuŋki-) to weep; aẓuŋkal loud noise, uproar
Malayalam : aẓuka
Malayalam meaning : to weep, cry
Malayalam derivates : aẓaykkuka to shout, cry out
Kannada : aẓ, aẓu (aẓt-, att-)
Kannada meaning : to weep, cry
Kannada derivates : aẓ, aẓu, aẓa, aẓke, arke, akke weeping, lamenting; aẓasu, aẓisu to make to cry; aẓuvike crying; aẓukuḷi an easily crying or fretful person
Tulu : arpini
Tulu meaning : to weep, cry
Tulu derivates : arpāṭa lamentation; arpele one easily moved to tears, a fretful person; leppuni to call, invite; leppu, lāvu a cry
Proto-Nilgiri : *aṛ-
Notes : Two stems - one monosyllabic, one ending in *-ai- - are clearly seen throughout SDR, as far as Tulu, where the latter is syncopated (*aẓai-puni > leppuni).
Number in DED : 0282
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,

Search within this database


Nilgiri etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Nilgiri : *aṛ-
Meaning : to cry
South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology
Kota : ag- (aṛt-) "to weep, cry"
Toda : oṛ- (oṛy-) "(child) weeps"
Additional forms : Also Kota agl, akl act of lamenting; aṛg- (aṛgy-) (cattle) bellow in protest at ill-treatment
Notes : Past stem is intrans. I in Toda (*aṛi-) and trans. II in Kota (*aṛt-); the Toda form is probably innovative (since auslaut resonants prefer type II and, moreover, *-ṛy- > Toda -ḍy-).
Number in DED : 282
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-notes,ktet-dednum,

Search within this database


Telugu etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Telugu : *ēḍ-
Meaning : to cry, weep, lament, shed tears
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : ēḍucu
Additional forms : Also ēḍupu weeping, crying, lamentation
Number in DED : 282
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-addition,telet-dednum,

Search within this database


Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *aṛ-
Meaning : to cry
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Kolami : ar- (art-) "to weep, (crow) caws, (peacock) screams, (tiger) roars"
Kolami (Setumadhava Rao) : arr- "to cry, frighten (KR-37)"
Naikri : ar- "to weep, cry"
Naiki : al- "to weep"
Parji : aṛ- "to weep, cry (of various animals)"
Ollari Gadba : aṛ- "to weep, cry (of various animals)"
Salur Gadba : āḍ- (āṭ-) "to weep, cry like an animal"
Additional forms : Also Naiki caus. alup-; Parji aṛtip- (aṛtit-) to cause to weep or cry; Ollari aṛup- (aṛut-) to make to cry
Number in DED : 282
kogaet-meaning,kogaet-prnum,kogaet-kolami,kogaet-kol_sr,kogaet-naikri,kogaet-naiki,kogaet-parji,kogaet-ollari,kogaet-salur,kogaet-addition,kogaet-dednum,

Search within this database


Gondwan etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *aṛi-
Meaning : to weep
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Proto-Gondi : *aṛ-
Konda : aṛba-
Proto-Pengo-Manda : *aṛi- (caus. *ṛä-t-)
Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *ṛī-
Notes : Bisyllabic root, as seen on the basis of Kui-Kuwi and Pengo-Manda data.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-gon,gndet-kon,gndet-pem,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,

Search within this database


Gondi etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Gondi : *aṛ-
Meaning : to weep, cry
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Betul Gondi : āṛānā
Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : aṛ-
Mandla Gondi (Phailbus) : ar-
Maria Gondi : aṛ-
Seoni Gondi : aṛ-
Yeotmal Gondi : aṛ-
Adilabad Gondi : aṛ-
Additional forms : Also caus. Gondi_A (SR) aḍusānā, Gondi_S aṛah-
Number in DED : 282
Number in CVOTGD : 84
gonet-meaning,gonet-prnum,gonet-gondi_tr,gonet-gondi_w,gonet-gondi_ph,gonet-gondi_ma,gonet-gondi_s,gonet-gondi_y,gonet-gondi_a,gonet-addition,gonet-dednum,gonet-voc_num,

Search within this database


Konda etymology :

Search within this database
Konda : aṛba-
Meaning: to weep, cry
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Number in DED : 282
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-dednum,

Search within this database


Pengo-Manda etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Pengo-Manda : *aṛi- (caus. *ṛä-t-)
Meaning : to cry
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Pengo : aṛ- (aṛt-) "to weep, cry (of animals)"
Manda : ṛī-
Additional Forms : Also Pengo intens. aṛba-; caus. ṛat-; intens. of caus. ṛatpa-
Number in DED : 282
pemet-meaning,pemet-prnum,pemet-pengo,pemet-manda,pemet-addition,pemet-dednum,

Search within this database


Kui-Kuwi etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *ṛī-
Meaning : to weep, cry
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Kui : ṛīva (ṛīt-) "to weep, cry, lament, howl, utter a sound (bark, song of birds, etc.); n. weeping, wailing, lament, cry"
Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : rīali "to cry"
Kuwi (Schulze) : līnai "to weep"
Sunkarametta Kuwi : ṛi- (-t-) "to weep"
Kuwi (Israel) : ṛī- (-t-) "to cry"
Additional forms : Also Kui_P ṛīka to weep, cry; Kuwi_Isr ṛīt- (-h-) to make cry
Notes : An interesting causative form in Kuwi_Isr: the original past tense marker seems to have been reinterpreted (partly) as part of the root.
Number in DED : 282
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuwi_f,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-kuwi_su,kuiet-kuwi_isr,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,

Search within this database


Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *GorV
Meaning: to cry
Indo-European: *or-
Altaic: *oro
Kartvelian: *ɣar-/ɣr-; *ɣarɣar-
Dravidian: *jeṛ- (?)
References: МССНЯ 345; ND 721 *GorV 'to cry, speak' ( + Sem. *ɣry-).
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

Search within this database


Indo-European etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-IE: *ar- <PIH *a->
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Meaning: to pray
Hittite: arija- (I) 'durch Orakel feststellen' (Tischler 56); aruwai-, arwai- (I) 'anbeten, hüldigen' (Tischler 73-74)
Old Indian: ā́ryati `to praise'
Old Greek: arǟ́ f. `Gebet, Fluch', ep-, kataráomai̯ `bete, fluche'; ark. katarwo-s `verwünscht'
Slavic: *orātī, *orǭ; *orītī
Latin: ōrāre `eine Ritualformel sagen; reden, sprechen; bitten, beten'
Russ. meaning: молиться
References: WP I 182
piet-prnum,piet-meaning,piet-hitt,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-slav,piet-lat,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

Search within this database


Vasmer's dictionary :

Search within this database
Word: ора́ть
Near etymology: II, ору́, орёшь, сербохорв. о̀рити се, о̀рим се "отдаваться (о звуке)".
Further etymology: Вероятно, родственно др.-инд. вед. ā́rуаti "восхваляет, превозносит", греч. ἀρή, атт. ἀρά̄ "молитва", ἀράομαι "молюсь, умоляю", ἀρύω "кричу, говорю", ἀρύει ̇ ἀντιλέγει, βοα ̇ ἀρύουσαι ̇ λέγουσαι, κελεύουσαι, ἀρύσασθαι ̇ ἐπικαλέσθαι, ἤρυσεν. ἐβόησεν ἤ ἐβόα (Гесихий, Еtуm. Маgn.), лат. ōrō, ōrārе "говорить; просить", хетт. arii̯a- "спрашивать, подобно оракулу", aruwa(i̯)- "почитать", арм. uranam "отрицаю"; см. Гофман, Gr. Wb.21; Вальде--Гофм. 2, 224; Сольмсен, KZ 35, 484; Мейе, ВSL 26, 19 и сл.; В. Шульце, Qu. ер. 90.
Pages: 3,149
vasmer-general,vasmer-origin,vasmer-pages,

Search within this database


Pokorny's dictionary :

Search within this database
Number: 1426
Root: ōr-, ǝr-
English meaning: to speak; to call
German meaning: `reden, rufen'
Material: Ai. ā́ryati `preist' (?);

    gr. att. ἀρά: (*αραᾱ), hom. ἀρή `Gebet' (*αρά̄, vgl. ark. κάταρος `verflucht'), wovon ἀράομαι `bete, fluche'; ἀρύει ἀντιλέγει, βοᾳ̃; ἀρύουσαι λέγουσαι, κελεύουσαι; ἀρύσασθαι ἐπικαλέσασθαι Hes., lat. ōrō, -āre `spreche eine Ritualformel, verhandle vor Gericht, rede, bete'; osk. urust `ōrāverit'; russ. orú, orátь `schreien', serb. oriti se `widerhallen' (vielleicht auch lett. urdēt `antreiben, schelten'?); hitt. aruu̯āi- `sich niederwerfen, anbeten' (auch arii̯a- `eine Orakelfrage stellen'?).

References: WP. I 182, WH. II 224.
Pages: 781
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

Search within this database


Altaic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *óru
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: to cry, shout
Russian meaning: кричать
Turkic: *orɨ
Mongolian: *ori- / *uri-
Tungus-Manchu: *or-
Japanese: *úru-tápa-
Comments: МССНЯ 345 (Mong.-Tung.). An expressive root. Mong. may be < Turk. Cf. also notes to *ū́lo.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,

Search within this database


Turkic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *orɨ
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 shout, outcry 2 to make a noise, shout 3 to shout together
Russian meaning: 1 крик, выкрик 2 шуметь, кричать 3 кричать вместе
Old Turkic: orla- (OUygh.) 2
Karakhanid: orɨ 1, orlaš- 3 (MK)
Middle Turkic: orɨ (IM)
Khakassian: orlas- 3
Oyrat: orla- 'to moo', orlas- 3
Comments: EDT 197, 230.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-chg,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-reference,

Search within this database


Mongolian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *ori- / *uri-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to shout, call
Russian meaning: кричать, звать
Written Mongolian: orila-, uri- (L 619, 881)
Middle Mongolian: uri 'to call' (HY 34), uri- 'to invite' (MA)
Khalkha: orilo-; uri- 'to invite'
Buriat: oril- 'to weep', oriloldō(n) 'shouting, howling'
Ordos: uri- 'to invite'
Baoan: ure- 'to invite, call' (Тод. Бн.)
Dagur: ori- (Тод. Даг. 160, MD 203)
Monguor: uri- (SM 476)
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-ord,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-mgr,

Search within this database


Tungus etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *or-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 roaring (of a tiger) 2 echo 3 to sound, resound 4 to rave 5 to shout 6 to roar (of a bear) 7 shout (of an aurochs) 8 to call
Russian meaning: 1 рев (тигра) 2 эхо 3 звучать, отдаваться (об эхе) 4 бредить 5 кричать 6 реветь (о медведе) 7 крик (изюбра) 8 звать
Evenki: orē̂- 5, 6, 7
Literary Manchu: or 1, ori- 4, ura- 3
Nanai: oral 2, orịqo 7
Solon: oŕē̂-
Comments: ТМС 2, 23.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-man,tunget-nan,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

Search within this database


Japanese etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *úru-tápa-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: to complain, sue
Russian meaning: жаловаться
Old Japanese: urutapa-
Middle Japanese: uttáf-
Tokyo: ùttae-, uttaé-
Kyoto: úttáe-
Kagoshima: ùttàè-
Comments: JLTT 781. Accent in Kagoshima is irregular.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,

Search within this database


Kartvelian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Kartvelian: *ɣar-/ɣr-; *ɣarɣar-
Nostratic: Nostratic
Russian meaning: кричать, петь
English meaning: to cry, sing
Georgian: ɣr-ial-, mɣer-; ɣaɣad-
Megrel: ɣor-, ɣwar-; ɣarɣal-
Svan: ɣar-, ɣr-
Laz: mɣor- 'to cry'; ɣa(r)ɣal- 'to speak'
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 201, EWK 385-386. Ср. ПИЕ *ōr-, *ǝr- 'говорить, звать]; алт. *ir[o] 'песня', драв. *ir- 'звучать, реветь', *ār- 'кричать' (возможно, более, чем один корень) (см. МССHЯ 345).
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-meg,kartet-sva,kartet-laz,kartet-notes,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generatedPages generated by this script
6252151425262
Help
StarLing database serverPowered byCGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. StarostinCopyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov