Chinese characters : List with all references

Character: 虻

Modern (Beijing) reading: méng

Preclassic Old Chinese: m(h)rāŋ

Classic Old Chinese: m(h)rāŋ

Western Han Chinese: m(h)rāŋ

Eastern Han Chinese: m(h)rēŋ

Early Postclassic Chinese: m(h)ẹ̄ŋ

Middle Postclassic Chinese: m(h)ẹ̄ŋ

Late Postclassic Chinese: m(h)ẹ̄ŋ

Middle Chinese: mạ̈iŋ

English meaning : name of a plant (Fritillaria)

Russian meaning[s]: 1) овод, слепень; 2) бот. листоягодник (Uvularia)

Comments: The character may be also written with 亡 in the upper part and 虫 (or two 虫's) below; its original meaning (attested, however, only since Late Zhou) is 'horsefly, gadfly'.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Radical: 142

Four-angle index: 8707

Karlgren code: 0742 t

Shijing occurrences: 54.3_

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Sino-Tibetan etymology :

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *m(r)āŋ / *m(r)āk

Meaning: gadfly, fly

Chinese: 虻 *m_rāŋ gadfly, horsefly.

Tibetan: sbraŋ fly, bee.

Burmese: hmak gadfly, horsefly, LB *smakx id.

Lepcha: sŭm-brjoŋ common fly

Comments: PG *napraŋ fly (n). Bod. 153; Luce 68. Cf. Austric: PAA *(bǝ-)raŋ 'wasp, fly', PAN *qariñuan / *qaniRuan 'bee'.