Nakh etymology :

Proto-Nakh: *pχā

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: hornbeam

Chechen: pχa

Ingush: pχän

Comments: 3d class in Chech., 4th class in Ing. Obl. base *pχā-nu- (Chech. pχōna-) / *pχā-ni- (Ing. pχäno, Chech. plur. pχēna-š). The Ing. direct base pχän is a back-building from the oblique base. In Chech. the word is glossed as "hornbeam; plane-tree".

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *x_wīrʕi ( ~ -ĕ)

Meaning: a k. of tree (hornbeam, beech-tree)

Proto-Nakh: *pχā

Proto-Avaro-Andian: *ʎ(ʷ)VrV ( ~ *ƛ-)

Proto-Lak: x:iri

Proto-West Caucasian: *t-x́ʷV

Notes: Correspondences are regular. The PWC form has a dental prefix *t-. Abdokov (1983, 112) compares the WC form with reflexes of EC *rĕxwV 'stick, wood' (q.v.) (with some confusion of this root and *rä̆śwĒ 'wood, beam'). Phonetically both comparisons are acceptable, but ours seems to us somewhat better semantically.

Avar-Andian etymology :

Protoform: *ʎ(ʷ)VrV ( ~ *ƛ-)

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 hornbeam 2 asp

Avar: ʎor 1

Tindi: ʎiri-ƛ:a roha 2

Comments: Av. paradigm A (ʎóri-l, ʎóra-l).

Lak etymology :

Lak root: x:iri

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: lime-tree

Lak form: x:iri

Comments: Cf. Khosr. xiri id. (probably, a faulty recording instead of *x:iri).

Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :

Proto-West-Caucasian: *t-x́ʷV

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 beech-tree 2 plane-tree

Abkhaz: á-š̌ 1

Abaza: šʷ-č̣ʷǝ 2

Adyghe: tfajǝ

Kabardian: txʷej

Comments: PAT *sʷǝ (cf. also Bzyb. á-ś̌); PAK *txʷa-jǝ́ (-jǝ - common suffix in names of trees). See Shagirov 2, 75).

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