South Khoisan (Taa subgroup) etymology :

Proto-Taa : *||qʔâńa

Meaning : dirty, dirt, rubbish, mess, rust

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

!Xoong : ||qʔâńa (kâ) 2 I

References : Traill 119.

Peripheral Khoisan etymology :

Number : 8

Proto-Bushman : *ǀǀqʔɔ-

Meaning : dirt; ashes

Proto-Taa : *ǀǀqʔâńa

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *!hana (?)

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *ǀǀqʔoʔbu (?)

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : The ǂHoan form is perfectly comparable with the Taa form if we assume *-ńa and *-bu to be suffixes. The comparison with ǀAuni !hana is not very firm since there are no other occasions of the lateral click transcribed as the alveolar one in that language, but it is the best etymology so far in any case.

South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology :

Proto-!Wi : *!hana

Meaning : ashes

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Auni : !hana

References : Bleek 395.

East #Hoan etymology :

Proto-#Hoan : *||qʔoʔbu

Meaning : garbage

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

#Hoan : ||qʔoaʔobu (CF); ||qʔóʔbu-qà (G.)

Notes : Cf. !Xóõ ||qʔâńa.

References : Cornell Files; Gruber 1975: 24.

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