Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *KAgur-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to roast, fry

Russian meaning: жарить

Karakhanid: qaɣur-, qoɣur-, qovur- (MK)

Turkish: kavur-

Tatar: quwɨr-

Middle Turkic: qavur- (Houts., Pav. C., MA)

Uzbek: qɔwur-, dial. qɔɣur-

Uighur: qoru-

Azerbaidzhan: Govur-

Turkmen: Govur-, Gavɨr- (А-Б)

Khakassian: xōr-

Shor: qōr-

Oyrat: kūr-

Tuva: xōr-

Kirghiz: kūr(u)-

Kazakh: quwɨr-

Noghai: quwɨr-

Bashkir: quwɨr-, dial. qɨwɨr-

Gagauz: qa'ur-

Karaim: qavur-

Karakalpak: quwɨr-

Comments: VEWT 220, ЭСТЯ 5, 175-177.

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *ki̯ằgru { ~ -br-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to bake, boil

Russian meaning: жарить, варить

Turkic: *KAgur-

Mongolian: *kaɣur-

Tungus-Manchu: *kurgi-

Korean: *kɨ̀rh-

Japanese: *kùrì-dà

Comments: Mong. may be < Turk. (see TMN 3, 542, Щербак 1997, 132), but may well be genuine, see KW 202, Владимирцов 206, Poppe 48. Korean has the typical "verbal" low tone. The specific medial cluster explains somewhat irregular vowel behaviour in Kor.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kaɣur-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to roast, bake, fry

Russian meaning: жарить, печь

Written Mongolian: qa(ɣ)uru-, (L 910:) qaɣur-, qaɣuur-, quɣur-

Middle Mongolian: qawur- (MA) 1

Khalkha: xūr-

Buriat: xūra-

Kalmuck: xūr-

Ordos: xūr-

Dongxian: kuru-

Monguor: kurgu- (SM 216)

Mogol: ZM qouro (14-6b) 'to boil, roast'

Comments: KW 201, 204. Southern forms seem to reflect front vocalism.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kurgi-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to burn, catch fire

Russian meaning: гореть, вспыхивать

Evenki: kurgi-; {dial. korō-, korowkān- 'to burn down'}

Negidal: kurgi-sin-

Literary Manchu: χur-še-

Ulcha: kurǯi-

Solon: xudǯi-

Comments: ТМС 1, 435.

Korean etymology :

Proto-Korean: *kɨ̀rh-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to boil

Russian meaning: варить(ся)

Modern Korean: k:ɨr(h)-

Middle Korean: kɨ̀rh-

Comments: Nam 74, KED 250.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *kùrì-dà

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: kitchen

Russian meaning: кухня

Old Japanese: kurija

Middle Japanese: kùrìjà

Tokyo: kùrija

Kyoto: kúríjá

Kagoshima: kurijá

Comments: JLTT 464. The accent in Tokyo and Kyoto is irregular (pointing to *kúrí-dá), but Kagoshima together with RJ point to original low tone.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *kVwrV

Meaning: to burn, bake

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *g'werǝ-

Altaic: *ki̯ằgru { ~ -br-)

Uralic: *korpe

Kartvelian: *q̇webr- (? *q̇werb-)

Dravidian: *kur-

References: ND 924 *ko(w)rV 'embers, hearth'; 926 *kür[ʔ]V 'to shine; flame' (part of Alt. + IE + Drav.); 1940 *q̇oRbV 'hearth, stove; to bake' (Kartv.+Ural.). Cf. *gUrV.

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *g'werǝ-

Meaning: to burn, to flame

Old Indian: jvarati `to be feverish', jvara- m. `fever, grief', jū́rvati `to consume by heat, singe'

Baltic: *ǯwēr-a- adj., *ǯwir-ē̂- vb., *ǯur̂- vb. inch., *ǯǖ̂r-ē̂- vb. (1)

Germanic: *kur-t-Vs=

Russ. meaning: гореть, пылать

References: WP I 643

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *ǯwēr-a- adj., *ǯwir-ē̂- vb., *ǯur̂- vb. inch., *ǯǖ̂r-ē̂- vb. (1)

Meaning: flame, shine

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: žiūrḗti `(hin)sehen, betrachten, blicken', žiùrti, pra-žiùrti (-žiū̃ra/-žiùrsta, -žiùrō) `zu sehen beginnen; das Augenlicht, Sehevermögen erhalten', pažiūrà `Blick, Anschein, Ansicht, Anschauung'; žvīrúoti 'flimmern, glimmen, glühen'

Lettish: žũrêt 'lauern, blinzeln'; zvę̄rs `(vor Zorn) funkelnd, feurig; glasäugig', zvirêt (-u, -ẽju) 'flimmern, funkeln, leuchten', zvę̃ruôt, zvę̂ruôt, zvę̀ruôt `glimmen, glühen, aufleuchten'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *kurtVs=

Meaning: fever

IE etymology: IE etymology

Middle Dutch: corts, coorts, curts m., cortse, curtse f. `Fieber'

Dutch: koorts f. `лихорадка'

Middle Low German: korts `Fieber'

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 722

Root: ĝu̯er-, ĝu̯erǝ-

English meaning: to burn and be hot

German meaning: `leuchten und heiß sein'

Material: Ai. jvárati `fiebert', jvara-ḥ `Fieber, Schmerz, Kummer', jū́rvati `versengt', jūrṇí-ḥ `Glut' (< *jvūr-, *ĝu̯r̥-); daneben jválati `flammt auf, glüht, leuchtet', jvalita-ḥ `flammend, leuchtend', jvalaná-ḥ `brennend, brennbar', m. `Feuer', n. `das Brennen, Lodern', jvala-ḥ m. `Licht, Flamme, Fackel', jvālā f. ds.;

    mnl. coorts m., mnd. korts `Fieber'??;

    lit. žiūriù, žiūrė́ti `sehen', žiūrà `Aussicht, Blick', žiũras `Uhu';

    vollstufig lett. zvêrs `funkelnd', zvêruot `glühen, aufleuchten'.

References: WP. I 643, Wackernagel Ai. Gr. I p. 228.

Pages: 479

PIE database: PIE database

Uralic etymology :

Number: 365

Proto: *korpe

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to burn, be burnt

German meaning: brennen, verbrannt werden, versengt werden

Finnish: korpea-, korventa-, korvetta- 'sengen, versengen'

Estonian: kõrb (gen. kõrve) 'Versengen, Anbrennen', kõrbe- 'anbrennen, brennen (intr.)'

Saam (Lapp): guor'bâ- -rb- (N) 'be scorched', kuor'pa- (L) 'durch Waldbrand verheert werden; erlöschen, ohne zu Ende gebrannt zu haben')

Mordovian: kurva- (E) 'lodern, lodernd brennen', kurvaśt́e-, kirvaśt́e-, kraśt́i- (E), koŕväśt́e- (M) 'anzünden'

Hungarian: hërvad- (dial. hirvad-) 'welken, verdorren' ?

Selkup: kuurra- (NP), kuura- (OO) 'sengen (Holz)'

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *q̇webr-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: очаг

English meaning: fireplace

Georgian: q̇werb-, q̇urb-

Megrel: q̇ebur-, ḳebur-, 'ebur-

Laz: o-ḳreb-ule, o-rḳebule

Laz meaning (Rus.): место вокруг очага

Laz meaning (Eng.): area near the fireplace

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 211 (*q̇werb-), EWK 412.

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *kur-

Meaning : brilliancy; silver

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *kur-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kur-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *kur-

Meaning : brilliant, beautiful

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : kuru

Tamil meaning : brilliancy, lustre, effulgence

Tamil derivates : (-pp-, -tt-) to glisten; kuruku, kuruttu whiteness; kurumai lustre, brightness; ? kuricil illustrious person

Proto-Nilgiri : *kur-

Number in DED : 1782

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *kur-

Meaning : beautiful or handsome person

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : kurj

Number in DED : 1782

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *kur-

Meaning : silver

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : kuro "(Hislop) silver"

Naikri : kuro "(Hislop) silver"

Naiki : khura

Number in DED : 1782

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : KVRV

Meaning : to burn, bake

Eurasiatic : *kVwrV

Afroasiatic : *kar- (quite probably also the words for 'hot' and 'furnace' in ND 924, 926, 1940)

African (misc.) : Cf. Bantu *-kádịŋg- 'fry, roast'.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *kar-

Meaning: sun

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *karar- 'day heat'

Western Chadic: *kār- 'sun'

Central Chadic: kiwíri 'dry season' Mbara [TrMba]

Semitic etymology :

Number: 1695

Proto-Semitic: *karar-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'day heat'

Akkadian: kararu

Notes: Partial reduplication

West Chadic etymology :

Proto-WChadic: *kār-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: 'sun'

Bele: kā̀rá [ShB]

Guruntum: kari [CLR: 312]

Notes: Cf. Kirfi kur- 'to warm up' [St]

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