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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *boKa-ri, *boKa-kta
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 pea 2 cone 3 nut 4 tree fungus
Russian meaning: 1 горох 2 шишка 3 орех 4 древесная губа
Evenki: bokoto, bokokto 2, 3
Even: bokot 2, 3
Negidal: boxoto 2, 3
Literary Manchu: boχori 1, bax́a 2
Ulcha: bōqto 3
Orok: bōqto 2, 3
Nanai: bōqto 3
Oroch: bokto 3
Udighe: bo`to 2, 4 (Корм. 213)
Solon: boxrō 1
Comments: ТМС 1, 90, 91. TM > Dag. bokrō 'peas' (Тод. Даг. 127). Nan. boχorị `pea' is most probably < Manchu.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *bŭkrV
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: pea, nut, cone
Russian meaning: горох, орех, шишка
Turkic: *burčak
Mongolian: *buɣurčag
Tungus-Manchu: *boKari, *boKa-kta
Korean: *phắs
Comments: Дыбо 10, AKE 15, EAS 58. Phonetically a rather complicated case because of the rare medial cluster *-kr- with non-standard reflexes. Turkic, Mongolian and probably Korean reflect a suffixed form *bukrV-č`V (MKor. phắs = *phắč < *bukVr-č`V); medial -k- in the cluster had disappeared in PT and yielded -ɣ- in Mong. Another derivative from the same root may be the Turk.-Mong. name of various kinds of berries: PT *bögürtlen 'blackberry' etc., Mong. *böɣerel(ǯi)gene 'raspberry etc.' (KW 56).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *burčak
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: bean, pea
Russian meaning: бобы, горох
Old Turkic: burčaq (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: burčaq (MK)
Turkish: burčak
Tatar: borčaq
Middle Turkic: burčaq (Sangl.)
Uzbek: burčɔq
Uighur: počaq
Sary-Yughur: pɨrčaq
Turkmen: burčaq
Shor: mɨrčaq
Oyrat: mɨrčaq
Chuvash: pъʷrźa, pǝʷrźe
Kirghiz: [būrčaq < Mong.]
Kazakh: buršaq
Noghai: buršaq
Bashkir: borsaq
Balkar: burčaq
Gagauz: borčaq
Karaim: burčax
Karakalpak: buršaq
Kumyk: burčaq
Comments: EDT 357, VEWT 89, ЭСТЯ 2, 275-277. Turk. > WMong. burčag, Kalm. burcǝg (KW 62, see TMN 2, 281, Щербак 1997, 110). Chuv. > Mari pursa; Bulg. > Hung. borsó, see Gombocz 1912.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-sjg,turcet-trm,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-krmx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *buɣurčag
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: pea
Russian meaning: горох
Written Mongolian: buɣurčaɣ, (L 132) buɣurčai
Middle Mongolian: burčax (HY 8)
Khalkha: būrcag
Buriat: būrsag 'semen, fruit of vegetables'
Kalmuck: būrcǝg
Ordos: burčaq
Dongxian: puča, puǯa
Baoan: pǝǯaG
Dagur: borečō (MD 126), borčō
Shary-Yoghur: purčaG
Monguor: puʒ́aG (SM 305), puǯaG
Comments: KW 65, MGCD 171. Variants without -ɣ- (WMong. burčaɣ etc.) should be regarded as Turkisms), but those with -ɣ- can be hardly explained in this way, despite Clark 1980, 43, Sukhebaatar; Southern Mong. forms are ambiguous, because they could have underwent secondary vowel shortening.
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *phắs
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: beans, peas
Russian meaning: бобы, горох
Modern Korean: phat [phath]
Middle Korean: phắs
Comments: Nam 462, KED 1739.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *ńVwV
Meaning: young
Indo-European: *yowen-
Altaic: *ńabĺu(-ǯV)
Comments: See *najlV.
References: Suggested by V. Glumov.
nostret-meaning,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-notes,nostret-reference,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *yowen-
Meaning: young
Old Indian: yúvan-, gen. yū́naḥ `young'; `young person', f. yūnī, comp. yávīyas-, sup. yáviṣṭha-; yuvaśá- `young, youthful'
Avestan: yvan-, yavan- [für *yuvan- geschrieben], gen. yūnū 'Jungling'
Slavic: *jūnъ
Baltic: *jaûn-a- (2) adj.
Germanic: *jun-g-á- adj.; *jug(w)-unɵ-i- f., *jún-x-iz-a- adj.
Latin: iuvenis, -is m. `junger Mann', iuvenis adj. `jung', comp. iūnior; iūnīx f. `junge Kuh, Farse'; iuvencus, -ī m., iuvenca f. `junger Stier bzw. junge Kuh; junger Mensch bzw. Mädchen'
Other Italic: Umbr pl. dat. iovies `iuvenibus', acc. iovie `iuvenēs'; iveka `iuvencās', iuengar `iuvencae'
Celtic: Gaul Jovinc-illus, -a; OIr ōa `jünger', ōam `jüngst', oāc `jung', MIr ōc `jung'; Cymr ieuanc `jung', MCymr ieu `jünger', ieuaf, yeuhaf `jüngst'; Cymr iau `jünger', ieuaf `jüngst', MCorn yowynk `jung', Bret iaou `jünger', iaouank `jung'
Russ. meaning: молодой
References: WP I 200
piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-avest,piet-slav,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-lat,piet-ital,piet-celt,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Vasmer's dictionary :

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Word: ю́ный,
Near etymology: ю́н, ю́на, ю́но, юне́ц, ю́ница, ю́ноша. Заимств. из цслав., судя по наличию ю- при исконном у-; см. Шахматов, Очерк 142; укр. ю́ний, стар., др.-русск. унъ "молодой, юный", уность, уноша, уница, ст.-слав. юнъ νέος, νεώτερος (Остром., Супр.), стар. болг. юн (Младенов 700), юне́ц, юне́ ср. р. "бычок", юна́к "герой", сербохорв. jу́нац, род. п. jýнца "бычок", jу̀ница "телка", словен. junóta, собир., ж. "молодежь", júnǝс "бычок, жук-олень", др.-чеш. junec "бычок", junoch "юноша", чеш. jinoch "юноша", слвц. junač ж. "молодежь", junák "парень, смельчак", польск. junosza, junoch "юноша", juniec "бычок", junak "юноша", н.-луж. диал. junk "бычок", полаб. jä́unac "бычок, тягловый скот".
Further etymology: Праслав. *junъ, *junьcь родственно лит. jáunas "молодой", лтш. jaûns -- то же, лит. jaunìkis "жених, молодожен", др.-инд. yúvan-, род. п. уū́nаs "молодой, юноша", сравн. степ. yávīyān, превосх. yáviṣṭhas, авест. yuvan-, род. п. уūnō, лат. iuvenis, iūnior, iuvencus "бычок", гот. juggs. Балто-слав. вокализм и интонация соответствуют сравн. степ., а формант -nо-, вероятно, из антонима *sеnоs "старый" (Мейе, МSL 14, 360); см. Траутман, ВSW 106 и сл.; Остхоф, МU 6, 293 и сл.; Эндзелин, СБЭ 198; М.--Э. 2, 102; Бернекер I, 459; Мейе -- Вайан 39; Мейе -- Эрну 590 и сл.; Перссон, IF 2, 244 и сл.
Pages: 4,531
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Baltic etymology :

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Proto-Baltic: *jaûn-a- (2) adj.
Meaning: young
Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology
Lithuanian: jáuna- `jung'
Lettish: jaûns `jung, geringen Alters; jung, einem Jungen angehörig; neu'
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-lith,baltet-lett,

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *jungá-; *jug(w)unɵi-z, *júnxiza-
Meaning: young
IE etymology: IE etymology
Gothic: *juŋg-s (a) `young', comp. juhiza `(the) younger'
Old Norse: ung-r `jung', comp. ȫri `jünger'
Norwegian: ung; öring `Knabe zwischen 15 und 20 Jahr'
Swedish: ung
Old Danish: comp. ürä
Danish: ung
Old English: geong (giong, geng, ging, iung, gung) `young, youthful, new, recent, fresh'; { geoguɵ }
English: young; youth
Old Frisian: jung; jogethe
Old Saxon: jung; juguth
Middle Dutch: jonc; jōghet, juecht, jocht, jōgede
Dutch: jong; jeugd f.
Middle Low German: junc; jȫget
Old High German: jung (8.Jh.); jugund `Mannbarkeit, Jünglingsalter' (8.Jh.)
Middle High German: junc (-g-) 'jung; vergnügt'; jugent st. f. `Jugend; junge Leute, Knaben'
German: jung; Jugend f.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-got,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-odan,germet-dan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-ofris,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 786
Root: i̯eu-3
English meaning: young
German meaning: `jung'
Derivatives: Positiv i̯uu̯en- (: i̯ūn-), Kompar. i̯eu̯-i̯os
Material: Ai. yúvan- (yúvā, Gen. yū́naḥ) `jung; Jüngling', f. yūnī, Komp. Sup. yávīyas-, yáviṣṭa-ḥ; av. yvan-, yavan- (beides für yuvan- geschrieben), Gen. yūnō `Jüngling';

    lat. juvenis `jung; Jüngling, Jungfrau' (zu -ven- statt -vin- vgl. EM2 509) statt *i̯uu̯ō auf Grund der alten kons. Kasus Gen. juven-is, Dat. , Akk. -em usw.; jūnī-x `junge Kuh' lat.-c-Erw. neben ai. yūnī, dagegen Komp. jūnior mit jungem jūn- (durch lat. Entw. aus *juvenios); umbr. iouies `juvenibus, militibus', Akk. Pl. jovie (ein vom Komp. rückgebildetes *joviē-s `Schar der juniores'?);

    air. ōa `jünger', ōam `jüngst', mcymr. ieu (ncymr. iau) `jünger', ieuaf (so auch ncymr.) `jüngst', bret. iaou `jünger', woneben der Positiv air. ōac (arch. oëc), mir. ōc, cymr. ieuanc, bret. iaouank, acorn. iouenc, mcorn. yowynk `jung', gall. Jovinc-illus, -a (idg. *i̯uu̯n̥k̂ós, s. unten), nach dem Komp.-Sup. zu kelt. *i̯eu̯-, *i̯ou̯n̥ko- umvokalisiert;

    lit. jáunas, lett. jaûns; abg. junъ `jung' (-no-St. statt -n-St. nach *seno-s `alt'; i̯uu̯eno- nach dem Kompar. umgestellt zu *i̯eu̯eno-, bsl. *i̯ōuno-).

    Ableitungen vom St. *i̯uu̯en-:

    i̯uu̯n̥k̂ó-s: ai. yuvaśá-ḥ, yuvaká-ḥ `jugendlich', lat. juvencus, -a `junger Stier, junge Kuh, Junges', umbr. iveka, iuenga `juvenca', got. juggs, aisl. ungr, ahd. jung, ags. geong `jung' (urg. *jūngaz aus *juwungáz; dazu ein neuer Komp. *jū́nhizan- in:) got. jūhiza, aisl. ø̄re `jünger' (vgl. auch aisl. ø̄ska `Jugend' aus *jū[n]hiskōn-).

    i̯uu̯ent-, i̯uu̯n̥t-: ai. yúvant-, f. yuvatí-ḥ `jung; Jungfrau'; ahd. jugund, as. juguð, ags. geoguð (g statt w nach *duʒunþi- `Tugend, Tüchtigkeit'), got. junda `Jugend' (*i̯uu̯n̥tā); lat. juventūs, -tūtis `Jugend' (jūventa = got. junda?) = air. ōetiu, ōitiu, Gen. -ted `Jugend' (*i̯ou̯n̥tūt-s, umgebildet aus i̯uu̯n̥tūt-, s. oben zu ōac).

    Eine s-Erw. wahrscheinlich in ai. yṓṣā, Gen. *yōṣṇáh, N. Pl. yóṣūḥ, yṓṣaṇaḥ `junges, zum Liebesgenuß geeignetes Weib, Gattin'; für lat. Jūnō, wenn die Göttin eig. `die jugendliche' bedeutet, ist von dem in jūnīx, jūnior vorliegenden St. i̯ūn- abgeleitet; anders Leumann-Stolz5 239.

References: WP. I 200 f., WH. I 735 f.
Pages: 510-511
PIE database: PIE database
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