Mongolian etymology : List with all references

Proto-Turkic: *Tẹ̄l

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to put the kid or calf to a different milch-ewe or cow 2 a kid or calf sucking two milch-ewes or cows

Russian meaning: 1 отдать ягненка другой кормящей самке 2 теленок, сосущий двух маток

Karakhanid: tel- (MK) 1

Tatar: tile- 1

Oyrat: telkin 'roe (female)'

Yakut: tīl 2, tilij- 1

Tuva: tel 2

Kirghiz: teli- 1, tel 2

Kazakh: tel- 1, tel 2

Bashkir: tile- 1

Karakalpak: teli- 1

Comments: EDT 490 (sub 'to pierce'), VEWT 471. Turk. > MMo, WMong. tel, teleɣe id. (see Щербак 1997, 166).

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ṭVlV

Meaning: young animal, plant

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *tāl- (? +*tel- 3227)

Altaic: *t`ḗlV

Uralic: BF *tall- 'young pig, lamb'

Kartvelian: ? *tel- (cf. also tela 'elm'?)

Dravidian: *taḷ-

References: МССНЯ 359; ND 2356 *ṭaḷʕV ~ *ṭaʕḷV 'shoot, sprout, twig' (dub. Kartv., incorr. Alt. + IE, Drav); 2361 *ṭa/oḷ(Ey)V 'progeny; give birth to' (attempts to divide the root, but the only distinction is between Alt. *t`ḗlV 'young lamb, calf' and *t`uĺi 'seed, eggs' - the latter so far defies etymology within Nostr. - but cf. SC *ṭVɫV 'egg').

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *tāl-

Meaning: sprout, young one

Old Indian: tāla- m. `palmyra tree or fan-palm, Borassus flabelliformis', tālī f. `name of a tree (Corypha Taliera, Corypha umbraculifera, Flacourtia cataphracta, Curculigo orchioides (L.))'

Old Greek: t[ǟ̂]li-s, -eōs/-ios f. `Bockshorn, Trigonella'; aeol. (?) tā̂li-s, -idos f. `junges, mannbares Mädchen, Braut'

Baltic: *tal-āk-a- c.

Germanic: *ɵall-ō f., *ɵal=, *ɵal-jōn- f., *ɵal-ja- n.

Latin: tālea f. `Stäbchen, Setzling, Setzreis; jedes stabförmige abgeschnittene Stück; spitzer Pfahl, Eisenbarren'

Russ. meaning: побег, молодое растение/животное

References: WP I 825 f

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *tal-āk-a- c.

Meaning: grown-up

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Old Lithuanian: talōka-s `erwachsene Tochter', talōka- `vollwachsen, erwachsen, mannbar; lümmelhaft'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *ɵallō, *ɵal=, *ɵaljōn, *ɵalja-n

Meaning: pine

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: ɵɔll f. `junger Fichtenbaum'; ɵella f. junge Kiefer (nur in Kenningen für `Frau'); ɵelli n. `junges Kieferholz; Schiff'

Norwegian: toll, tall; tella

Swedish: tall; dial. tella

Danish: tall

German: dial. dale `Kiefer'

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 1957

Root: tāl-

English meaning: to grow; young animals

German meaning: `wachsen, grünen; Gewächs, junger Trieb'

Material: Gr. τα̃λις -ιδος `junges mannbares Mädchen, Braut' τη̃λις, -εως, ion. -ιος f. `Hülsengewächs, Bockshorn', τηλεθάω `grüne, sprieße';

lat. tālea `Stäbchen, Setzling, Setzreis', dial. für *tālia, wie auch tālla = tālia `Zwiebelhülse'; Denominativ tāliāre `spalten, schneiden' (ursprüngl. `*Zweige abschneiden');

lit. a(t)tólas `Nachheu, Grummet', talõkas `erwachsen, mannbar'.

References: WP. I 705, WH. II 643, Mayrhofer 1, 498.

Pages: 1055

PIE database: PIE database

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *tel-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: поросенок

English meaning: pigling

Georgian: tel-

Megrel: tu-, pl. tul-ep-

Laz: tila-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 91, EWK 159. Hе исключено заимствование из ПИЕ *tel- (ввиду нерегулярности соответствий), что предполагает Климов (1994, 112-114).

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *taḷ-

Meaning : to bloom, sprout

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *taḷ-

Proto-Telugu : *tal-ar-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *taḷ-

Meaning : to shoot, sprout

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : taḷir (-pp-, -tt-)

Tamil meaning : to shoot forth, sprout, put forth leaves, flourish, prosper, rejoice; n. sprout, tender shoot

Tamil derivates : taḷirppu sprouting

Malayalam : taḷir

Malayalam meaning : bud, new leaf, shoot

Malayalam derivates : taḷirkka to bud, sprout, get fresh leaves; taḷirppu, taḷirmma budding

Kannada : taḷal

Kannada meaning : to bud, sprout, shoot

Kannada derivates : taḷi to shoot, sprout, put forth leaves; n. race, family, stock, breed; taḷir to shoot, sprout, put forth leaves; n. young shoot, sprout, new leaf or new leaves

Tulu : taḷirụ

Tulu meaning : sprout, bud

Proto-Nilgiri : *taḷ-ĭ

Number in DED : 3131

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *taḷ-ĭ

Meaning : breed of cattle

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : tayḷ

Number in DED : 3131

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *tal-ar-

Meaning : to bloom, shine, thrive

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : talaru

Additional forms : Also taliru a sprout, shoot; talirucu to sprout, shoot, bloom

Number in DED : 3131

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : TVLV

Meaning : young animal, plant

Eurasiatic : *ṭVlV

Afroasiatic : ? Ar. ṭalʕ- 'young fruit', Berb. *ḍlH- 'be green, flourish'; Sem. *ṭalay- 'young of an animal, child'; ECush. *ḍal- 'give birth, beget'; EChad. *ḍVl- 'lay (eggs)'.

Sino-Caucasian : NC *ƛ̣_äɦɫǝ̄ 'lamb'

Notes : ? Here PND **ɫī́mʔ ( ~ -lʔ) 'dog, domestic animal'.

Reference : ND 2356, 2361.

Afroasiatic etymology :

Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *ṭal-

Meaning: (young) ungulate domestic animal

Borean etymology: Borean etymology

Semitic: *ṭalay- 'lamb, kid'

Berber: *ṭVl- 'calf'

Western Chadic: *ṭaliy- 'young animal following its mother'

Low East Cushitic: *ṭal-t- 'sheep' (?)

High East Cushitic: *ṭala 'she-donkey'

Notes: Cf. HSED 2458: Brb. and Hs ("Derived from *ṭal- 'give birth'", further comp. to Aram ṭalay- 'boy' and Gz ṭäli 'she-goat')

Semitic etymology :

Number: 2546

Proto-Semitic: *ṭalay-

Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology

Meaning: lamb, kid

Hebrew: ṭālǟ 'lamb' [KB 375], pB. [Ja. 535]. A rare term (3 attestations) apparently denoting (almost) a newborn animal (to be carried on the shepherd's lap accrording to Is 40.11), cf. this semantic nuance in Arb. below.

Judaic Aramaic: ṭalyā 'Lamm' [Levy TW I 303] ("nur in den jer. Trgg."). Likely a Hebraism with this meaning (see below on this root in Arm.).

Arabic: ṭalaⁿ, ṭalw- 'petit de gazelle né tout récemment, petit de tout animal à pied fendu, comme agneau, chevreau etc.; petit (se dit de toute chose)', ṭilwat- 'petit (d'un quadrupède)', ṭaliyy- 'petit (agneau, chevreau etc.)' [BK 2 103-5], [Fr. III 68-9], [Lane 1875-6], [LA XV 12].

Epigraphic South Arabian: Sab. ṭly-n (du.) 'yearling lamb' [SD 153]. Qat. ṭly 'kid, lamb' [Ricks 78]. The terms are attested once in each of the languages, in both cases denoting a sacrificial animal, v. more details in [Sima 144]. Min. ṭly 'lamb' [Hueh. 2000 203]. In the newly published inscription HSM 1936.1.20: s₁ʔl fḳ kl bs₂r ṭlyn 'claim upon/beyond any of the lamb meat'.

Geʕez (Ethiopian): ṭali 'goat, kid' [LGz. 590], ṭalit 'she-goat' [ibid.].

Tigre: ṭälit (coll. ṭel) 'goat' [LH 608].

Tigrai (Tigriñña): ṭel 'capra' [Bass. 887].

Harari: ṭāy 'sheep' [LH 157].

Gurage: Eža End. Enm. Gyt. Sod. Sel. Wol. Zwy. ṭay, Sod. äṭay, Muh. Msq. ṭe, Cha. ṭạ̈, Msq. Gog. äṭe 'sheep' [LGur. 638].

Notes: Arm. terms meaning 'boy, lad' likely represent this root with a specific semantic evolution: Off. Plm. ṭly 'young man, boy; servant' [HJ 423], Jud. ṭālē, ṭǝlē (det. ṭalyā) 'tender, young; young man, servant' [Ja. 536], ṭalyā (det. ṭalyǝtā) 'young; girl' [ibid. 537], ṭly (det. ṭalyā) 'child, servant' [Sok. 225], ṭlyyh, det. ṭlyth 'young girl' [ibid.], Syr. ṭalyā (f. ṭǝlītā) 'adolescens, puer' [Brock. 276], [PS 1472], Mnd. ṭalia 'boy, youth' [DM 174]. Of some interest may be Gez. wayṭal 'kind of wild she-goat, roe, kind of gazelle' [LGz. 623] and Tgr. ṭotäl 'esp. d'antilope' [LH 313]. Cf. also Gez. ʔināṭoli 'young camel' [LGz. 34], Amh. ǝnaṭoli 'young female camel' [K ... ЛАКУНА]. [KB 375]: Hbr., Arm. ('boy', in Jud. also 'lamb'), Arb., ESA, Gez., Tgr. (unconvincingly relating to the verbal root *ṭlʔ 'to be spotted'); [LGz. 590]: Gez., Eth., Arb., ESA, Hbr., Arm.; [LGur. 638]: Gur., Eth., Arb., Hbr.; [Brock. 276]: Syr., Arm., Hbr., Arb., Sab., Gez., Tna.; [Firmage 1153]: Hbr., Arm., Gez., Arb.; [Hommel 235]: Hbr., Arb., Gez., Syr.; [Sima 145]: ESA, Arb., Hbr., Eth.