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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *sìmò
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: a k. of bird
Russian meaning: вид птицы
Turkic: *sɨm
Mongolian: *similǯen
Tungus-Manchu: *sim-
Japanese: *sìmài ( ~ -ià)
Comments: It is hard to determine the original meaning of the root - some kind of middle-sized bird, probably with a big beak.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *sɨm
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: grouse
Russian meaning: рябчик
Karakhanid: sinič (KB) (? = simnič) 'a k. of songbird'
Khakassian: sɨm
Shor: sɨnma
Oyrat: sɨmda
Chuvash: šъngъrč 'starling'
Yakut: ɨmɨ̄ 'crossbill', sɨlgɨ̄ ɨmɨ̄ta 'wagtail'
Comments: ДТС 500, VEWT 416.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *similǯen
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: a k. of bird of prey
Russian meaning: вид хищной птицы
Written Mongolian: similǯen (МХТТТ)
Khalkha: šimelʒen 'a dark bird of prey with a white head'
Comments: Cf. also somaraŋ 'titmouse'.
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *sim-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 kingfisher 2 a k. of woodpecker 3 a k. of titmouse 4 eagle-owl
Russian meaning: 1 зимородок 2 вид дятла 3 вид синицы 4 филин
Evenki: sennekūn, dial. sendekūn 2
Literary Manchu: simari, simatun 3
Ulcha: sindi 1
Orok: simiktu 4
Comments: ТМС 2, 86, 88, 143.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-reference,

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *sìmài ( ~ -ià)
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: a k. of hawfinch, Coccothraustes coccothraustes japonicus
Russian meaning: вид дубоноса
Middle Japanese: sìmè
Tokyo: shimé
Kyoto: shímè
Kagoshima: shimé
Comments: JLTT 524.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *CVmV
Meaning: a k. of bird
Borean: Borean
Altaic: *simo
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : CVMV
Meaning : a k. of bird
Eurasiatic : *CVmV
Afroasiatic : Sem. *sVmVm(-at)- 'a k. of bird'
Sino-Caucasian : *c̣wä́[m]ʔV̆
Austric : PAA *ce:m 'bird'
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,globet-scc,globet-austr,

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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *c̣wä́[m]ʔV̆
Meaning: eagle, hawk
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
North Caucasian: *c̣_wämʔV̆ / *ʔār-c̣_wämʔV̆
Sino-Tibetan: LB *dzwan `hawk, kite'
Burushaski: /? *hárćimo /
Basque: *śai
Comments and references : WFR 95.
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-buru,sccet-basq,sccet-notes,

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North Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-North Caucasian: *c̣_wämʔV̆ / *ʔār-c̣_wämʔV̆
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eagle
Proto-Nakh: *ʔārc̣iw
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *c̣:umʔi (~*c̣:ʷi-)
Proto-Tsezian: *cũhV B
Proto-Lak: barzu
Proto-Dargwa: *ʕarč̣imi (~*H-)
Proto-Lezghian: *marc̣
Proto-Khinalug: c̣imir
Notes: The root is attested also in HU: Ur. arc̣ib/wǝ 'name of a horse = Eagle' (see Diakonoff-Starostin 1986, 45).

    There is little doubt that all the listed forms belong together, although there are some problems. Not quite clear is the status of the prefixed syllable *ʔār-, attested in PN, HU, Lak., PD and PL. It should be noted that the Lak., PD (and possibly PL > Ag) forms reflect a variant with metathesized labialisation (*ʔār-c̣_wämʔV̆ > *ʔwār-c̣_ämʔV̆ ); in PL additionally the nasalisation was also shifted to the initial position. Quite irregular (and as yet unexplained) is -č̣- (instead of expected -c̣-) in PD (Chir.); however, there is no reason to suspect a borrowing. We should note also an interesting form: Cham. ercim 'kite'; since it is quite isolated within Av.-And., it must be an old Nakh borrowing (before the denasalisation *-mʔ- > -w-).

caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-cez,caucet-lak,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-comment,

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Nakh etymology :

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Proto-Nakh: *ʔārc̣iw
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eagle
Chechen: ärzū
Ingush: ärzi
Batsbi: arc̣iw
Comments: Cf. also Lev. ārzu, It. ērʒa. 4th class in Chech., Ing., 3d class in Bacb.
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *c̣:umʔi (~*c̣:ʷi-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eagle
Avar: c̣:um / c̣:un
Chadakolob: c̣um
Andian language: c̣:un
Akhvakh: c̣:ʷĩ
Chamalal: ṣũj
Tindi: c:ū̃
Karata: c̣:ũji
Botlikh: c̣:ũʔi
Bagvalal: c̣:ũʔi
Godoberi: c:ũʔi
Comments: Av. paradigm C (c̣:u-dú-l, c̣:úna-l; but Chad. c̣umí-l, c̣umá-l). Cf. also Akhv. Tseg. c̣:ũj, Tlan. c̣:umi, And. Mun., Zil. c̣:ũj, Rikv. c̣:uni, Kv. c̣:umi, Cham. Gig. c̣:ũj, Gad. c̣:uj.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-avc,aandet-and,aandet-akv,aandet-chm,aandet-tnd,aandet-krt,aandet-btl,aandet-bgv,aandet-gdb,aandet-comment,

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Tsezian etymology :

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Proto-Tsezian: *cũhV B
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eagle
Tsezi: cej
Ginukh: coj
Khvarshi: ce
Inkhokvari: cẽ
Bezhta: cuha
Gunzib: cu
Comments: PTsKh *c[Ũ]j (with irregular reflexation in Khvarsh. and Inkh. - probably because of *-j); PGB *cuh(V).
cezet-prnum,cezet-meaning,cezet-cez,cezet-gin,cezet-khv,cezet-inh,cezet-bzt,cezet-gnz,cezet-comment,

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Lak etymology :

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Lak root: barzu
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eagle
Lak form: barzu
Comments: 3d class.
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,laket-comment,

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Dargwa etymology :

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Proto-Dargwa: *ʕarč̣imi (~*H-)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eagle
Chiragh: ʕarč̣ime
Comments: Isolated in Chir., but with probable external parallels.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-chr,darget-comment,

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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *marc̣
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: eagle
Agul: marc̣
Comment: Isolated in Ag., but with probable external parallels.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-agu,lezget-comment,

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Khinalug etymology :

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Khinalug root: c̣imir
North Caucasian etymology: 658
Meaning: bird
Khinalug form: c̣imir
Comments: Means basically 'small bird, sparrow' (Khaid. lists also c̣imiri 'swallow'), which is obviously a late semantic development.
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,khinet-comment,

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Burushaski etymology :

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Common Burushaski: *hárćimo
Sino-Caucasian Etymology: Sino-Caucasian Etymology
Meaning: a small black and white bird with a long beak, living at the river
Hunza: hárćimo c̣hin
Nagar: hárćimo c̣hin
buruet-prnum,buruet-meaning,buruet-hun,buruet-ngr,

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Basque etymology :

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Proto-Basque: *śai
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: vulture
Bizkaian: sai
Gipuzkoan: sai
Low Navarrese: sai
Zuberoan: sai
Comments: For convergent phonetic development, cf. Cham. ṣũj 'eagle', Tsez cej 'eagle, vulture', etc. Bouda (1948) Bsq + Avar c̣:um, c̣:un 'eagle'.
basqet-prnum,basqet-meaning,basqet-bzk,basqet-gip,basqet-bnv,basqet-zbr,basqet-comments,

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