Altaic etymology : List with all references

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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *sèdá ( ~ z-)

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to think, determine

Russian meaning: думать, решать

Mongolian: *sede-, *sed-ki-

Japanese: *sàntàmà-

Comments: A Mong.-Jpn. isogloss.

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *sede-, *sed-ki-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to think of, to intend

Russian meaning: думать, намереваться

Written Mongolian: sede-, sedki- (L 680)

Middle Mongolian: setki- (HY 33, SH), sītki- (IM), sitkä̆l 'angry' (MA)

Khalkha: setge-

Buriat: hede-

Kalmuck: sed-, setkǝ-

Ordos: sedχil 'conscience, thought, feeling'

Baoan: sǝgtǝ-

Dagur: serkin (Тод. Даг. 163)

Shary-Yoghur: sedgel 'thought'

Monguor: sgir (SM 347), (MGCD sgǝl 'thought')

Comments: KW 327, MGCD 593, 601.

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *sàntàmà-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to determine

Russian meaning: решать, определять

Old Japanese: sadama-

Middle Japanese: sàdàmà-

Tokyo: sadamé-

Kyoto: sádámé-

Kagoshima: sàdàmè-

Comments: JLTT 745.

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *[š]ejdV

Meaning: to determine, achieve

Indo-European: *sēidh-

Altaic: *sèdá ( ~ z-)

Uralic: *satta

Kartvelian: *šed-

Comments: Expected *š- in Ur.

References: ND 2020 *sa[h]ida 'to take aim, direct' (IE+Ur + Arab.); 2149 *šu/üʕadV 'good, happy, pleasant' (Kartv. + incorr. IE + incorr. Alt. + other Sem.).

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *sēidh-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: direct; to aim

Old Indian: sā́dhati, sādhyati, sādhnoti, sadhnoti, sídhyati, pf. siṣedha, ptc. siddha- `to go straight to any goal or aim, to succeed; to bring to an end, accomplish', sādhú- `straight, right, hitting the mark', sup. sā́dhiṣṭha-; -sādh- (in comp.) `accomplishing, performing'; sidhrá-, sidhmá- `going straight to goal, successful, efficacious'

Avestan: häiδišta- `am besten zum Ziele führend, geleitend'; -had- `lenkend, leitend, zum Ziele führend', hādrōyā f. `Verlangen, Wunsch nach Erreichung des Zieles'

Armenian: aǯ `dexter, recht' [rather < NC]

Old Greek: īthǘ- `gerade, gerecht', adv. īthǘ(s) `geradeswegs', īthǖ́-s, -ǘos f. `gerade Richtung, Gang, Unternehmung', īthǘō `gerade angehen, angreifen, streben', īthǖ́nō `gerade machen, richten, lenken, führen'

Russ. meaning: прямое направление; направляться к цели

References: WP II 450

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 1662

Root: sē[i]dh- : sīdh- und : sǝdh-

English meaning: to strive for a goal

German meaning: `geradeaus auf ein Ziel zugehen'

Material: Ai. sā́dhati `kommt zum Ziel, bringt zum Ziel, in Ordnung', Kausat. sādháyati, sādhú- `gerade, tüchtig', -sādh- (2. Kompositionsglied) = jav. -hād- `lenkend', hādrōyā- f. `Verlangen nachErreichung des Zieles' (von *hādra- m., idg. *sēdh-ro- `Erreichung des Zieles'); schwundstuf. ai. sidhrá- `erfolgreich', sídhyati `kommt zum Ziel', Partiz. siddhá-, Perf. siṣḗdha- usw.; av. āsna `erfolgreich' (*ā-zdh-na-); Ablautneubildung ist sadh- in ai. sadh-nōti und sádhis- `Ort, Ziel';

gr. ἰ̄θύς (*sīdhus) `gerade (auf ein Ziel gerichtet), Adv. geradeaus', ἰθύς, -ύος `Angriff, Unternehmung', ἰθύω `dringe vor', ἰ̄θύ̄νω `mache gerade'; εἶθαρ `sogleich', εὐθύς (aus *εἰθύς) `gerade'.

References: WP. II 450, Schwyzer Gr. Gr. 1, 350.

Pages: 892

PIE database: PIE database

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Uralic etymology :

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Number: 1559

Proto: *satta

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to get to, meet

German meaning: geraten, treffen, eintreffen

Finnish: satta- (veralt.) 'schaden, beschädigen', sattu- 'treffen, berühren, stoßen, begegnen, eintreten, geschehen' ( > Saam. N sat'tu- 'happen to') ?

Estonian: sattu- 'geraten, fallen, gelangen, sich begeben, anstoßen' ?

Mordovian: sato- (E M) 'zureichen, hinreichen, genügen' ? (possibly also < *saɣe-kta)

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Kartvelian etymology :

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Proto-Kartvelian: *šed-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: подобать, приличествовать

English meaning: to suit, to be appropriate

Megrel: škid-

Svan: šged-, šgd-

Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 214, EWK 422-423.

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