Change viewing parameters
Select another database

Altaic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Altaic: *ŋṑla
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: long; extend
Russian meaning: длинный; растягивать
Turkic: *ula-
Mongolian: *nolig
Tungus-Manchu: *ŋōli-
Korean: *nắr-
Japanese: *nàn-kà-
Comments: АПиПЯЯ 109, 276. The PTM form should be reconstructed with *-l- (despite АПиПЯЯ); therefore it belongs here rather than to PT *ȫn-, Mong. *ön-.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,

Search within this database


Turkic etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Turkic: *ula-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: 1 to extend, prolong 2 to attach, join (ends)
Russian meaning: 1 удлинять, надставлять, продлевать 2 присоединять
Old Turkic: ula- 2 (OUygh.)
Karakhanid: ula- 2 (MK)
Turkish: ula- 2
Tatar: ŭla- (dial.)
Middle Turkic: ula- (Pav. C.) 2
Uzbek: ulä- 1, 2
Uighur: uli- 2
Turkmen: ula- 1, 2
Khakassian: ula- 1
Shor: ula- 1
Oyrat: ula- 1, 2
Tuva: ula- 1, 2
Kirghiz: ula- 2
Comments: EDT 126-127, ЭСТЯ 1, 587-588. The original meaning was certainly 'to extend, prolong' - as seen also from the derivatives *ula-m 'still more, continuously' (ЭСТЯ 1, 591) (whence Mong. *ulam id., see TMN 2, 107), *ula-ju 'still more, as much as', *ulag 'order, relay, relay station' (ЭСТЯ 1, 588-590) (whence Mong. *ulaɣa id., see TMN 2, 106, Щербак 1997, 161; with the meaning 'relay horse' penetrated into some Ugric languages, despite Sinor 1965, 312-315 who proposed an opposite direction of borrowing);
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-uig,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-reference,

Search within this database


Mongolian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Mongolian: *nolig
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: long, boring
Russian meaning: долгий, скучный
Written Mongolian: noliɣ (МХТТТ)
Khalkha: nolig
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,

Search within this database


Tungus etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ŋōli-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: long
Russian meaning: длинный
Evenki: ŋōnim, ŋōnigdi
Even: ŋonъ̣m
Negidal: ŋonom
Spoken Manchu: Golǝmin (2409, 2602, 2844)
Literary Manchu: golmin
Jurchen: ŋolmi-gi (690)
Ulcha: walmị
Orok: ŋonimi
Nanai: ŋonịmị, wonịmị, onịmị
Oroch: ŋońimi, ŋońmi
Udighe: wanimi, wańimi
Solon: ninomi, gonóm
Comments: ТМС 1, 664-665.
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-chu,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

Search within this database


Korean etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Korean: *nắr-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: be extended, extend
Russian meaning: растягивать(ся), увеличиваться
Modern Korean: nɨl-
Middle Korean: nắrí-
Comments: Nam 92, KED 372.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

Search within this database


Japanese etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Japanese: *nànkà-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: long
Russian meaning: длинный
Old Japanese: naga-
Middle Japanese: nàgà-
Tokyo: nagá-
Kyoto: nága-
Kagoshima: náge
Nase: nàgà-
Shuri: nágá-
Hateruma: nà-
Yonakuni: nā́-
Comments: JLTT 836. The Kagoshima tone is irregular.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-nas,japet-shu,japet-hat,japet-yon,japet-comments,

Search within this database


Nostratic etymology :

Search within this database
Eurasiatic: *ŋVlV
Meaning: long
Altaic: *ŋṑla
Uralic: *ńulV 'steep'; ? *ńuĺ3 'вытягивать' (Coll. 103)
Dravidian: *nīḷ-
References: ND 1639 *ŋ[iwo]ḷV 'to extend, stretch, become long' ( + Arab.).
nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-ura,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

Search within this database


Uralic etymology :

Search within this database
Number: 655
Proto: *ńulV
> Nostratic: > Nostratic
English meaning: steep
German meaning: abschüssig, steil
Udmurt (Votyak): ńi̮lźi̮- (URS) 'скатываться (с горы)', ? ńali̮š, ńalmi̮t (S), ńalmǝ̑t (K) 'abhängig, abschüssig'
Komi (Zyrian): ńī̮ (I) 'abschüssig', ńi̮lk (Peč.), ńi̮lke̮s (S), ńi̮vke̮s (V) 'Abschüssigkeit, Abhang', ńiĺdi̮- (S P) 'ausgleiten, ausglitschen' [hardly here PO ńilźi- 'ослизнуть, стать скользким', see *ńOlV - SAS]
Mansi (Vogul): ńüĺtǝŋ (KO), ńuĺtǝŋ 'hohes steiles Sandufer', ńultäŋ (N) 'steile Felsenwand'
uralet-proto,uralet-prnum,uralet-meaning,uralet-germmean,uralet-udm,uralet-kom,uralet-man,

Search within this database


Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Dravidian : *nīḷ-
Meaning : long
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *nīḷ-
Proto-Telugu : *nīl-
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *nīl-
Notes : Irregular lack of retroflex articulation in PGn.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-tel,dravet-gnd,dravet-notes,

Search within this database


South Dravidian etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-South Dravidian : *nīḷ-
Meaning : long
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : nīḷ (nīḷv-, nīṇṭ-)
Tamil meaning : to be long, be great; n. length, extension, elongation, long time, duration, height, tallness, loftiness, depth, order, series, row
Tamil derivates : nīḷa to a great length or distance, all along, at a great distance; nīḷam extension, length, distance, remoteness, delay, procrastination; nīḷi (-pp-, -tt-) to be lengthened, extended, be long as time or life, last long, endure, be protracted, delayed; n. that which is long, lofty, tall person; nīḷippu prolongation; nīḷiyatu that which is long, that which is omnipresent; nīṇu (nīṇi-) to go a long distance; nīṭu (nīṭi-) to grow long, be lengthened, be extended through space or time, spread, extend, abound, be copious, thrive, grow well, rise high, last long, endure, be permanent, delay; n. long time, permanence; nīṭi (-pp-, -tt-) to lengthen (time, distance, etc.), endure, last, be permanent; nīṭṭu (nīṭṭi-) to lengthen, extend, stretch out, straighten, offer as oblations, give, insert, drive into, speak at length or too much, prolong as a note, delay, procrastinate, retard, defer; nīṭṭu length as of time or space, distance; nīṭṭam length, elongation of sound, strengthening, lengthening, procrastination; nīṭṭal lengthening, extending, stretching; nīṭṭi (-pp-, -tt-) to lengthen, delay; be prolonged, endure long; nikaḷam length
Malayalam : nīḷuka
Malayalam meaning : to extend oneself, grow long, be delayed, protracted
Malayalam derivates : nīḷa, nīḷē, nīḷavē far; nīḷam length, distance; nīḷal growing longer; nīḷ, nīẓ length (in cpds.); nīṭu length, long; nīṭuka to be long; nīṭṭuka to lengthen, stretch out, allow to grow, delay, hold out, give; nīṭṭam length, stretching out, delay; nīṭṭal lengthening; nīṭṭu a royal handwriting, stroke, a grant of the Travancore raja, a ladder; nīṭṭikka to get lengthened, stretched
Kannada : nīḷ
Kannada meaning : to grow long or high, extend, extend oneself, be stretched out, spread
Kannada derivates : nīḷa extension, length, height, tallness; nīḷitu that is long; nīḷpu length; nīḍu to extend, stretch out (as the fingers, arms, tongue, etc.), hold out, offer, present, give, serve out; n. extension, length, delay; further, abundantly, much, presenting; nīṭa length
Kodagu : nɨ̄ḷa
Kodagu meaning : length
Kodagu derivates : nɨ̄ḍ- (nɨ̄ṇḍ-) to stretch out straight (intr.); nɨ̄ṭ- (nɨ̄ṭi-) id. (tr.), offer; (Shanmugam) nīṭa length
Tulu : nīṭuni, nīḍuni
Tulu meaning : to stretch out or forth, hold out, lengthen
Tulu derivates : nīṭāvuni to cause to stretch, lengthen; nīṭa, nīṭu long, extended, high; nīṭānīṭi lengthwise; nīcuni to extend; nēlya great, large, extensive
Proto-Nilgiri : *nīḷ-/*nīḍ-
Notes : Derivatives *nīḍ- and *nīṭ- have to be reconstructed for PSDR as well.
Number in DED : 3692
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-kodder,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-notes,sdret-dednum,

Search within this database


Nilgiri etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Nilgiri : *nīḷ-/*nīḍ-
Meaning : long
South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology
Kota : nīṛ- (nīc-), nīṇ- (nīḍ-) "(iron) becomes longer by expansion"
Toda : nīṛ- (nīṛy-) "to be stretched out (hand)"
Additional forms : Also Kota nīṭ- (nīṭy-) to lengthen (iron); nīṭ- (nīc-) id., stretch out (limb); Toda nīṭ- (nīṭy-) to stretch out (hand); nīḷ- (nīḍ-) to be stretched out straight (rope), stretch oneself over or into, peep over (wall)
Number in DED : 3692
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,

Search within this database


Telugu etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Telugu : *nīl-
Meaning : to stretch, stretch one's limbs, strut, be conceited, presumptuous or impudent; n. stretching one's limbs, strutting, impudence
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Telugu : nīlugu
Number in DED : 3692
telet-meaning,telet-prnum,telet-tel_1,telet-dednum,

Search within this database


Gondwan etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Gondi-Kui : *nīl-
Meaning : long; elongated, straight
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Konda : nilba
Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *nīl-[nǯ-]
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-kon,gndet-kui,

Search within this database


Konda etymology :

Search within this database
Konda : nilba
Meaning: straight, erect
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Number in DED : 3692
konet-meaning,konet-prnum,konet-dednum,

Search within this database


Kui-Kuwi etymology :

Search within this database
Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *nīl-[nǯ-]
Meaning : to stand; long
Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology
Kui : nīlba (nīṭ-) "to be standing (corn), stand, be set up"
Kuwi (Schulze) : niluwu "long (in measuring)"
Additional forms : Also Kui ḍrīnja (ḍrīnji-) to be elongated, lenghtened; adj. elongated, lengthened; pl. action ḍrīska (ḍrīski-); ḍrū inba, ḍrūsu inba to be lengthened, stretched, drawn out, opened out; ḍrūnja long, lengthened, stretched out, drawn out; ḍrūna in a long-drawn-out manner
Notes : With the addition of the suffix *-nj- (probably a Kui innovation, but may as well be a PK form), *nīl-nj- > *nlī-nj- > *ḍrī-nj-.
Number in DED : 3692
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-kuwi_s,kuiet-addition,kuiet-notes,kuiet-dednum,

Search within this database

Select another database
Change viewing parameters
Total pages generatedPages generated by this script
6178091423530
Help
StarLing database serverPowered byCGI scripts
Copyright 1998-2003 by S. StarostinCopyright 1998-2003 by G. Bronnikov
Copyright 2005-2014 by Phil Krylov