Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *k`úĺa

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: bark, scales; scab

Russian meaning: кора, чешуя; струп

Turkic: *Kuĺ

Mongolian: *kolta-su, *koli-

Tungus-Manchu: *xolda-ksa

Japanese: *kásá

Comments: KW 182, Miller 1970, 129, АПиПЯЯ 293. Illich-Svitych (ОСНЯ 1,301, with Uralic parallels) compares Man. kola-, Evk. kūlū- 'to skin', but these are mongolisms (see ТМС 1,407); ТМ *xolda-ksa is a better match for the Mong. form.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *Kuĺ

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a hairless spot (on horse's skin)

Russian meaning: проплешина (на шкуре лошади)

Turkish: kuš

Comments: VEWT 305.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kolta-su, *koli-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 tree bark 2 scales

Russian meaning: 1 древесная кора 2 чешуя

Written Mongolian: qoltusu(n), qoltasu(n) 1 (L 960), qolisu(n) 2 (L 959)

Khalkha: xoltos 1, xolis 2

Buriat: xoltohon 1

Kalmuck: xoltxǝsn 1

Dagur: koldon 'cedar' (Тод. Даг. 150) (?)

Comments: KW 182, 183. Cf. also qol-tul- 'to skin, separate skin, split' (whence Evk. kolto- etc., see Doerfer MT 69), qolu-, qolɣu-, qoluɣa- 'to erase (skin), make a sore', qoluɣanaɣ 'rubbed off spot on skin' (KW 182, 183, L 958). The name of 'cedar' is borrowed in TM (Man. xoldon etc.).

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xolda-ksa

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 bark 2 board 3 coffin

Russian meaning: 1 кора 2 доска 3 гроб

Evenki: oldaksa, uldaksa 1, 2

Even: oldụs 3

Negidal: oldokso 3

Ulcha: χoldoqso 2

Orok: χoldoqso 3

Comments: ТМС 2, 13, 244 (with a confusion of *xolda-ksā 'bark; board' and *ugda-'boat').

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *kásá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scab

Russian meaning: струп, язва

Old Japanese: kasa

Middle Japanese: kásá

Tokyo: kàsa

Kyoto: kásá

Kagoshima: kása

Comments: JLTT 441.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *ḳuLV

Meaning: bark, peel

Borean: Borean

Indo-European: *koil- ? (here also *kalǝw-?)

Altaic: *k`úĺa

Uralic: *koδ́V; BF *kolV 'to peel' (SKES 212); FU *kaĺepV 'film'

Kartvelian: *q̇wel-

Eskimo-Aleut: *qaltǝ

References: МССНЯ 351, ОСНЯ 1, 300-301; ND 871 *kol(V)ʕV ( ~ *koḷ(V)ʕV) 'to peel, bark' (Ural. + incorr. Kartv. + mixed up Alt.); 1062 *Ḳaĺʕu 'bare, naked' (IE *kalǝw- + incorr. Alt. + Sem.); 1245 *ḲoẑV 'to skin, to bark' (Ural. + Alt. + Arab.); 1921 *q̇aĺ[ü]PV 'to bark (a tree), cut off; bark, peel' (FU + Kartv. + ?IE *gleubh-).

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *koil-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: naked; stripped skin

Baltic: *kaîl-ia- c.

Celtic: OIr cōil, cōel `dünn, schmal'; Cymr, Corn cul `macilentus, macer'

Russ. meaning: голый etc.

References: WP I 455

Baltic etymology :

Proto-Baltic: *kaîl-ia- c.

Meaning: naked, bald; skin, leather

Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology

Lithuanian: káili-s `Tierhaut, Fell, Balg'

Lettish: kaîls (/kaĩls) `nackt, kahl; bloss, unbewaffnet', kailis `Schafshell zum Pelz; abgetragener Pelz'

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 990

Root: koi-lo-

English meaning: naked; miserable

German meaning: `kümmerlich, nackt'

General comments: nur kelt. und balt.

Material: Air. cōil, cōel `dünn, schmal', cymr. corn. cul `macilentus, macer';

    lett. kaîls `nackt, kahl, bloß', kaîli ĺaudis `Ehepaar ohne Kinder' (könnte auch zu kai- `allein' gehören).

References: WP. I 326, 455, WH. I 130.

Pages: 610

PIE database: PIE database

Uralic etymology :

Number: 330

Proto: *koδ́V

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: to peel

German meaning: abhäuten, abschälen

Mari (Cheremis): kǝ̑δaša- (KB), kuδaša- (U B) 'abnehmen, ablegen, ausziehen, auskleiden'

Udmurt (Votyak): ki̮ĺ- (S), kǝ̑ĺ- (K) 'ablegen, ausziehen' (Kleid)

Komi (Zyrian): kuĺ- (S P Ud.) 'abhäuten, abschälen, (Kleider) ausziehen', ku̇ĺ- (PO) 'abnehmen, abreißen (Haut, Birkenrinde)'

Mansi (Vogul): kē̮ĺǝ^.ntol (TJ) 'Schäbe, Achel (des Hanfs, Leins)', χāĺt- (KU), kē̮ĺt- (KO), χaĺt- (LO) 'abschälen, schaben (Hanf, Nessel)'

Kartvelian etymology :

Proto-Kartvelian: *q̇wel-

Nostratic: Nostratic

Russian meaning: снимать, сдирать кожу, лущить

English meaning: to peel, skin

Georgian: q̇vl-, q̇vl-ep- / q̇vl-ip-

Svan: q̇w-ep-, q̇w-p-

Notes and references: EWK 413.

Eskimo etymology :

Proto-Eskimo: *qaltǝ

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: bark, scale

Russian meaning: кора, чешуя

Proto-Yupik: *qaltǝ

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 280

Yupik etymology :

Proto-Yupik: *qaltǝ

Eskimo etymology: Eskimo etymology

Meaning: bark 1, scale 2

Russian Meaning: кора 1, чешуя 2

Sirenik: qáɫta 1, 2

Chaplino: qaɫtā (ǝt) 2, 'scald'

Naukan: qáɫtǝ 1, 2, 'scald'

Alutiiq Alaskan Yupik: qaɫta, qǝɫta 1, 'peeling'

Chugach (Birket-Smith): ~ kiʎīt pl. 1, 'cambium layer'

Central Alaskan Yupik: qǝɫta 1, 2, 'peeling'

Comparative Eskimo Dictionary: 280

Long-range etymologies :

Borean (approx.) : KVLV

Meaning : bark

Eurasiatic : *ḳuLV

Afroasiatic : (see *ḲalV)

Sino-Caucasian : *q̇wăɫV́

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