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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *kat`[a] ( ~ -t-)
Meaning: to mix, join
Russian meaning: смешивать, соединять
Comments: The Mong. vocalism is not quite clear.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Kat-
Meaning: to mix, add, tie to
Russian meaning: смешивать, добавлять
Old Turkic: qat- (Orkh., OUygh.)
Karakhanid: qat- (MK, KB) Turkish: kat-
Tatar: qat-
Uighur: qat-
Azerbaidzhan: Gat-
Turkmen: Gat-
Khakassian: xat-
Shor: qat-
Oyrat: qat-
Chuvash: xodъš 'mixture'
Yakut: xat- (but kɨtar- 'to mix')
Dolgan: kat-
Tuva: qa't-
Tofalar: qa't-
Kirghiz: qat-
Kazakh: qat-
Noghai: qat-
Bashkir: qat-
Balkar: qat-
Karakalpak: qat-
Kumyk: qat-
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uig,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-tof,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *kudku-
Meaning: to mix
Russian meaning: смешивать
Written Mongolian: qudqu- (L 981) Khalkha: xutga-
Buriat: xudxa-
Ordos: Gudxu-
Dongxian: quduɣu-
Baoan: doGǝ-
Dagur: korku-
Shary-Yoghur: qudGǝ-
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-bao,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kata-
Meaning: 1 to tie hard 2 band 3 friend
Russian meaning: 1 крепко привязывать 2 лента, тесьма 3 друг
Even: qataq 3
Negidal: kataɣa- 1, katịxa 3
Literary Manchu: χata 2
Ulcha: qatara- 1
Orok: qatara- 1
Nanai: qatara- 'to grasp one's hair'
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kata-
Meaning: to mix, join, unite
Russian meaning: смешивать, соединять
Old Japanese: kata-
Middle Japanese: kata-
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-comments,
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Nostratic etymology :
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Eurasiatic: *kVṭV
Meaning: to mix
References: ND 1215 *ḳatV ~ *kaʔ(V)tV 'to mix, adjoin, gather'. nostret-meaning,nostret-alt,nostret-kart,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,
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Kartvelian etymology :
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Proto-Kartvelian: *ḳet-
Russian meaning: примешивать
English meaning: to mix in
Georgian: ḳet-
Georgian meaning (Rus.): делать, создавать
Georgian meaning (Engl.): to do, create
Megrel: ḳat-
Megrel meaning (Rus.): примешивать, собирать
Megrel meaning (Eng.): to mix in, to gather
Laz: ḳat-
Laz meaning (Rus.): примешивать, сопровождать
Laz meaning (Eng.): to mix in; to accompany
Notes and references: ЭСКЯ 108, EWK 188. Ср. алт. *k(`)[a]t`V 'смешивать'.
kartet-prnum,kartet-rusmean,kartet-meaning,kartet-gru,kartet-grmean,kartet-egrmean,kartet-meg,kartet-mgmean,kartet-emgmean,kartet-laz,kartet-lzmean,kartet-elzmean,kartet-notes,
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Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-Dravidian : *kaḍ-
Meaning : to churn
Proto-North Dravidian : *gaṭ- Notes : Interesting metathese of voice in PNDR.
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,dravet-gnd,dravet-ndr,dravet-notes,
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South Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-South Dravidian : *kaḍ-ai-
Meaning : to churn
Tamil : kaṭai (-v-, -nt-)
Tamil meaning : to churn, turn in lathe, mash to pulp (as vegetables with the bowl of a ladle)
Tamil derivates : kaṭaical polishing, enamelling, turned work in wood; kaṭaiccal turning on a lathe, that which is turned on a lathe; kaṭaiccal uḷi turner's chisel; kaṭaiyal turning in a lathe, agitating, churning
Malayalam : kaṭayuka
Malayalam meaning : to churn, turn on lathe, polish
Malayalam derivates : kaṭa churning; kaṭaccal turning; kaṭaccil turning and polishing (wood, etc.), churning
Kannada : kaḍe, kaḍi
Kannada meaning : to churn, stir, rub together (as two pieces of wood to excite fire), turn in a lathe
Kannada derivates : kaḍe, kaḍa, kaḍaha, kaḍeta churning; kaḍayisu to cause to churn
Kodagu : kaḍe- (kaḍev-, kaḍand-)
Kodagu meaning : to grind with mortar and pestle
Kodagu derivates : (Shanmugam) kaḍev grinding; kaḍace kallɨ mortar and pestle
Tulu : kaḍeyuni, kaḍevuni
Tulu meaning : to stir up, turn
Tulu derivates : kaḍeñcuni to knead; kaḍanda grinding; kaḍavu, kaḍcilụ, karcilụ a turning lathe; (B-K.) kaḍañjige kneading
Number in DED : 1141
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-tamder,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-malder,sdret-kan,sdret-kanmean,sdret-kander,sdret-kod,sdret-kodmean,sdret-kodder,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-tulder,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,
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Nilgiri etymology :
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Proto-Nilgiri : *kaḍä-
Meaning : to churn
Kota : kaṛv- (kaṛd-)
Toda : kaṛ- (kaṛɵ-)
Additional forms : Also Kota kaṛc uḷy lathe
Number in DED : 1141
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-kota,ktet-toda,ktet-addition,ktet-dednum,
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Gondwan etymology :
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Proto-Gondi-Kui : *kaṛ- (*-ḍ-)
Meaning : to knead
Notes : It is absolutely impossible to unite this root with PGn *kar- 'to stir, churn', as Burrow and Emeneau do, since the inlaut consonants are different; however, this actual root does have good SDR parallels. PK *-c- is the relict of an old causative suffix.
gndet-meaning,gndet-prnum,gndet-kui,gndet-notes,
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Kui-Kuwi etymology :
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Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *kaṛc-
Meaning : to knead; n. act of kneading
Kui : kaṛsa (kaṛsi-)
Number in DED : 1141
kuiet-meaning,kuiet-prnum,kuiet-kui,kuiet-dednum,
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North Dravidian etymology :
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Proto-North-Dravidian : *gaṭ-
Meaning : to churn
Malto : gaṭye
Number in DED : 1141
ndret-meaning,ndret-prnum,ndret-mlt,ndret-dednum,
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