Altaic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Altaic: *ki̯àntú

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: a k. of vessel

Russian meaning: вид сосуда

Turkic: *Kendük (*Kentük)

Mongolian: *kundaga

Tungus-Manchu: *kondi

Japanese: *kùntá

Comments: The root appears well reconstructable for PA, with a common derivative *ki̯àntú-kV (PT *Kendük = PM *kundaga = PTM *kondi-kā-n.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *Kendük (*Kentük)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 large earthenware jar for storing flour 2 bin, crib for flour, grain

Russian meaning: 1 большой глиняный сосуд для муки 2 ларь, закром для муки, зерна

Karakhanid: kendük (MK - Ganch.) 1

Middle Turkic: kündük 'jug' (Sangl.)

Uzbek: kandik 2

Azerbaidzhan: kändi 2

Halaj: kändi 'basket'

Chuvash: kandi 'round wooden bowl'

Kirghiz: kendik 'room for grain, fuel' (may be < Pers.)

Comments: EDT 729. Clauson regards the word as an unequivocal iranism. The Iranian forms are: Pekhl. kndwg ( > Armen. k'andouk), Pers. kandū, kandūk 'big earthenware vessel for storing grain', Osset. xaendyg 'pail for pickled cheese'. Persian is the source of Syr. kndwk-, Arab. kandūǯ 'big vessel for grain'. Also related is Sak. khadīrakya (*xandīra-) 'a vessel' (possibly, some basket-work, see Bailey 71, Аб. 4, 173). Abayev derives the above forms from Iran. *kan- 'to dig' - which is not quite plausible (in a participle we would expect the zero grade vocalism; unclear is the labial vowel in the suffix; semantics raises doubts). On the other hand, all the above Iranian forms can be well explained as Turkisms, including the Saka form - with the suffix -rak (a wellknown suffix for receptacles, see Bang 1918). External parallels provide the final support for such a decision. Middle Greek kóndü 'potǟ́rion' may be < Bulg., cf. the Chuv. semantics (see Фасмер sub кандия; cf. also other European words possibly having the same source).

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kundaga

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: a small vessel

Russian meaning: небольшой сосуд

Written Mongolian: qundaɣa(n) (L 986)

Khalkha: xundaga

Buriat: xundaga

Ordos: xundaGa

Comments: Mong. > Man. xuntaxa (see Rozycki 112).

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *kondi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scoop, box

Russian meaning: ковш, черпак, ящик

Negidal: konǯaxan

Ulcha: konǯoko

Orok: χondoqqo 'кисет'

Nanai: kunǯi, kunǯučẽ

Oroch: kōndi

Udighe: konǯi

Comments: ТМС 1, 409, 412, 470.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *kùntá

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: pipe

Russian meaning: трубка

Old Japanese: kuda

Middle Japanese: kùdá

Tokyo: kúda

Kyoto: kùdá

Kagoshima: kudá

Comments: JLTT 461.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *komtV

Meaning: covering, lid

Altaic: *kómtV (also *ki̯àntú a k. of vessel)

Uralic: *komta (also *konte 'basket'?)

References: МССНЯ 356; ND 891 *kom(i)dE 'basket, vessel', 892 *kom(V)ṭV 'to cover; lid, cover' (assuming a distinction on the basis of Uralic, but then also deriving from 892 PA *kumi 'eyebrows, hair on temples'?). For *konte cf. Sem. *kand- 'jug', PNC *kwVmdarV 'jar'?

Uralic etymology :

Number: 1347

Proto: *komta

> Nostratic: > Nostratic

English meaning: cover, lid

German meaning: Deckel

Finnish: kansi (gen. kannen) 'Deckel'

Estonian: kaas (gen. kaane)

Saam (Lapp): goaw'de -wd- (N) 'opening under something; projecting roof; roof on posts, without walls', ki̊ømte (T) 'äußere Fläche', kītt-ki̊ømte 'äußere Handfläche', koampløs (K) 'Deckel'

Mordovian: kunda (E M), kundo (E) 'Deckel', śeĺḿe-kuno, śeĺḿi-kunda, śeĺḿe-kundo (E), śeĺmo-kuna (M) 'Augenlid'

Mari (Cheremis): komδǝ̑š (KB U) 'Deckel', šinća-komdǝ̑š (B) 'Augenlid'

Komi (Zyrian): śin-kud (Wied.) 'Augenlid', kud-ki̮d (Ud.) 'Deckel (des Korbes)', kud (Skr.) 'покров'

Sammalahti's version: *komta

Addenda: Liv. kō̮ńtš (pl. kō̮ndǝ̑D)