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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *kòŋa
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: brown, black
Russian meaning: коричневый, черный
Turkic: *Koŋur
Mongolian: *koŋ-
Tungus-Manchu: *koŋna-
Korean: *kắnắrh
Japanese: *kànkâ-i
Comments: Poppe 72, KW 185, VEWT 281, Whitman 1985, 183, 199, 222, АПиПЯЯ 290, Дыбо 12, Robbeets 2000, 109. The Mongolian form qoŋɣur might as well be a Turkism, cf. TMN 3, 525-526, Щербак 1997, 139-140 (note that qon-dun, qoŋ-du < Chinese). The TM forms, despite Doerfer MT 37, cannot be regarded as mongolisms. In Kor. cf. also kǝ̀'úró 'mirror' (probably a derivative from the same root; semantically cf. Jpn. kaga-mi id. - 'mirror' < 'shadow'). Note that *kắnắrh reflects a suffixed form *koŋ(a)-rV with assimilation > *konrV, while *kànkâ-i reflects another suffixed form *koŋ(V)-kV ( = Mong. *koŋgu-r).
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *Koŋur
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: red-brown, dark brown
Russian meaning: рыжевато-бурый, темнокоричневый
Karakhanid: qoŋur (MK)
Turkish: koŋgur , goɣur (dial.)
Tatar: qoŋɣɨr
Middle Turkic: qoŋur (IM), qoŋɣur (Pav. C.)
Uzbek: qụŋɣir
Sary-Yughur: qoŋɨr
Azerbaidzhan: Gonur
Turkmen: Goŋur
Khakassian: xōr
Oyrat: qoŋɨr
Chuvash: xъʷmъʷr
Yakut: qoŋor
Tuva: xōr
Kirghiz: qoŋur
Kazakh: qoŋɨr
Noghai: qoŋɨr
Bashkir: quŋɨr
Balkar: qoŋur
Gagauz: qomur
Karakalpak: qoŋɨr
Kumyk: qoŋur
Comments: VEWT 280-1, TMN 3, 525, EDT 639, ЭСТЯ 6, 62-65.
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-trk,turcet-tat,turcet-chg,turcet-uzb,turcet-sjg,turcet-azb,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-alt,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-kaz,turcet-nogx,turcet-bas,turcet-blkx,turcet-gagx,turcet-klpx,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *koŋ-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: light brown
Russian meaning: светлокоричневый
Written Mongolian: qoŋɣur (L 962)
Middle Mongolian: qoŋqor (SH)
Khalkha: xongor
Buriat: xongor
Kalmuck: xoŋgǝr
Ordos: xoŋGor
Dagur: xongō̆r, kongor (Тод. Даг. 150), kongore (MD 183)
Shary-Yoghur: χoŋGor
Monguor: xoŋxo (SM 172) 'de couleur rose', (MGCD GoŋGor)
Comments: KW 185, MGCD 364. Mong. > Evk. koŋgōr, Man. qoŋGoro (morin) > Kor. koŋgol (mal) (see Lee 1958, 119, Rozycki 143).
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dag,monget-yuy,monget-mgr,monget-reference,

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Tungus etymology :

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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *koŋna-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: black
Russian meaning: черный
Evenki: koŋno-mo,-rin
Even: qōŋъ̣-
Negidal: koŋnojīn
Solon: xoŋnorĩ
Comments: ТМС 1, 413. Evk. > Dolg. koŋnomo (see Stachowski 152).
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sol,tunget-reference,

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Korean etymology :

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Proto-Korean: *kắnắrh
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: shadow
Russian meaning: тень
Modern Korean: kɨnɨl
Middle Korean: kắnắr (kắnắrh-)
Comments: Nam 9, KED 232.
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *kànkâ-i
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: shadow; reflection
Russian meaning: тень; отражение
Old Japanese: kage
Middle Japanese: kàgé
Tokyo: káge
Kyoto: kàgê
Kagoshima: kagé
Comments: JLTT 432.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *KVŋV ?
Meaning: brown, yellow
Borean: Borean
Indo-European: *kAn[a]k-, *knāk-
Altaic: *kòŋa
References: ND 1086 *Ḳon(h)V 'yellow' (IE + Mong. + Drav. *kan_- 'copper'? + Eg., Irq., Arab.). There may be confusion with *ḳVnV 'blood' q.v.
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-ier,nostret-alt,nostret-reference,

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Indo-European etymology :

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Proto-IE: *kAnǝk-, *knāk-
Meaning: golden, brownish
Old Indian: kañc-, kāñc- 'to shine'; kañcāra- m. `sun'; kāñcana- n. `gold'
Old Greek: knǟ̂ko-s f. `Saflor, Carthamus tinctorius'; knǟkó- `gelblich, saflorfarben'
Baltic: *kunk-a- adj.
Germanic: ? *xuna(n)g-á- n., *xanag-a- m., n.
Russ. meaning: золотистый, коричневатый
References: WP I 400
piet-meaning,piet-ind,piet-greek,piet-balt,piet-germ,piet-rusmean,piet-refer,

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Baltic etymology :

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Proto-Baltic: *kunk-a- adj.
Meaning: brown
Indo-European etymology: Indo-European etymology
Old Prussian: cucan [Bezzenberger corrected it to *cûcan, i. e. *cuncan ] `braun' V. 465
baltet-meaning,baltet-prnum,baltet-oprus,

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Germanic etymology :

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Proto-Germanic: *xuna(n)gá-n, *xanaga-n, -z
Meaning: honey
IE etymology: IE etymology
Old Norse: hunang n. `Hönig'
Norwegian: huning
Swedish: honung, honing
Old Danish: honni(n)g
Old English: hunig, -es n. `honey'
English: honey
Old Saxon: honeg, huneg, hanig m., n.?
Middle Dutch: hōnich, hōninc, huenic
Dutch: honig, honing m.
Old Franconian: honog
Middle Low German: hōnich, honnich
Old High German: honag, hineg (8.Jh.), honig (9.Jh.), honang (Notker)
Middle High German: honec, honic, hönic, hünic (-g-) st. n. 'honig'
German: Honig m.
germet-meaning,germet-prnum,germet-onord,germet-norw,germet-swed,germet-odan,germet-oengl,germet-engl,germet-osax,germet-mdutch,germet-dutch,germet-olfrank,germet-mlg,germet-ohg,germet-mhg,germet-hg,

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Pokorny's dictionary :

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Number: 910
Root: kenǝkó-
English meaning: gold; honey
German meaning: `honiggelb, goldgelb'
General comments: (mit unklaren Ablautverhältnissen)
Material: Ai. kāñcana- `golden', m. `Name einer Pflanze', kāñcana- n. `Gold';

    gr. κνηκός, dor. κνᾱκός `gelblich, saflorfarben', κνη̃κος `Saflor';

    lat. canicae `Kleie';

    aisl. hunang, aschwed. hunagh n., ags. hunig, as. honig, ahd. honag, honang `Honig' (nach der Farbe benannt; Grundf. wohl germ. *hunaga-, woraus finn. hunaja; das teilweise vor g auftretende n beruht auf Nasalierung des Vokals durch das vorhergehende n und unterstützendem Einflusse des germ. Suffixes -ung-, -ing-);

    apr. cucan `braun' (l. cũcan, d. i. cuncan; u ist balt. Entw. aus reduz. Vokal in zweisilbigen Basen);

    über ai. kánaka- n. `Gold' s. Kuiper, Proto-Munda 30 f.;

    gall. caneco-sedlon kaum als `goldener Sessel' hierher, auch nicht zu mir. canach `Sumpfgras' (: cymr. pân ds.);

References: WP. I 400, Vendryes RC 47, 200 f., H. Lewis Ét. Celt. 1, 320 f.
Pages: 564-565
PIE database: PIE database
pokorny-root,pokorny-meaning,pokorny-ger_mean,pokorny-comments,pokorny-material,pokorny-ref,pokorny-pages,pokorny-piet,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : KVNV
Meaning : brown, dark
Eurasiatic : *KVŋV
Afroasiatic : *kVn-
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-afas,

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Afroasiatic etymology :

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Proto-Afro-Asiatic: *kVnum-
Meaning: darkness
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
Egyptian: knm.t 'darkness' (BD)
Western Chadic: *kanVm- 'dark colour' 1, 'black' 2
Central Chadic: *kyanum- 'night'
East Chadic: *kVlyam- 'shadow' 1, 'darkness' 2, 'dark, black' 3
afaset-meaning,afaset-prnum,afaset-egy,afaset-wch,afaset-cch,afaset-ech,

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Egyptian etymology :

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Old Egyptian: knm.t
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'darkness' (DB)
egyet-prnum,egyet-meaning,

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West Chadic etymology :

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Proto-WChadic: *kanVm-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'dark colour' 1, 'black' 2
Tangale: kalmɛ 1 [JgT]
Gera: màkànà 2 [ShB]
Notes: met. in Gera
wchet-prnum,wchet-meaning,wchet-tng,wchet-ger,wchet-notes,

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Central Chadic etymology :

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Proto-CChadic: *kVnVm-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: night
Buduma=Yedina: kenúm [LkB]
cchet-prnum,cchet-meaning,cchet-bud,

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East Chadic etymology :

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Proto-EChadic: *kVlyam-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'shadow' 1, 'darkness' 2, 'dark, black' 3
Tumak: dì-glǝ̀m 2 [Cp]
Dangla: kèlmò 1 [Ebb]
Migama: kèlḕmò 1 [JMig]
Sokoro: kílmio 3 [Lk: 42, 47]
Notes: Pref. and regular voicing in Tumak. Cf. also Kwn (J) tòlmó `dark', Kera tilmǝ (f.) `darkness', Sum (J) dı̀lǝ̀m `dark', Tumak dǝlmı́ `black', Ndam (dJ) mán dǝlǝm `dark' (all may originate from < *tV-[k]lVm-). Another possibility - ECh *lum- 'cloud' - seems less reliable.
echet-prnum,echet-meaning,echet-tum,echet-dng,echet-mig,echet-sok,echet-notes,

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Low East Cushitic etymology :

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Proto-Low East Cushitic: *did-
Afroasiatic etymology: Afroasiatic etymology
Meaning: 'outside of house'
Oromo (Galla): diida
lecet-prnum,lecet-meaning,lecet-oro,

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