Altaic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Turkic: *Kat-

Meaning: 1 to heat (oven) 2 (fire) steel 3 to bake

Russian meaning: 1 топить печь 2 огниво 3 печь

Chuvash: xot- 1

Yakut: xatat 2

Kirghiz: qatɨr- 3

Comments: Ашм. XVI, 256, ЭСТЯ 5, 335 (connected with *kat- 'dry', but in fact a different root because of the Chuvash form). However, if Mari oltaš 'heat' is from Bulg., the original form could be *Kal-t- and should be removed from the etymology (cf. Федотов 2, 372).

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *kete

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: (fire) steel

Russian meaning: огниво

Written Mongolian: kete (L 460)

Middle Mongolian: kete (SH), kete (MA)

Khalkha: xet

Buriat: xete

Kalmuck: ketǝ

Ordos: gete

Shary-Yoghur: kede

Monguor: kide (SM 200), kǝde

Comments: KW 228, MGCD 346.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *koto-ran-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to singe, burn

Russian meaning: опалять, обжигать

Evenki: kotoron-mī (Вас.)

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *kǝ̀tài ( ~ -ua-)

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: an instrument (iron, soldering-iron)

Russian meaning: утюг, паяльник

Middle Japanese: kòtè

Tokyo: kòte

Kyoto: kóté

Kagoshima: koté

Comments: Accent in Tokyo and Kyoto points rather to *kǝ́tái, but RJ and Kagoshima reflect low tone.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *kVṭV

Meaning: to burn, roast

Altaic: *ki̯òt`è

Dravidian: *k̂uḍ-

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *k̂uḍ-

Meaning : to cook

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *cuḍ-

Proto-Telugu : *Cū̆ḍ-

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *cuḍ-

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *sud_-

Proto-North Dravidian : *kuṛ-

South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *cuḍ-

Meaning : to be hot, burn

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : cuṭu (cuṭuv-, cuṭṭ-)

Tamil meaning : to be hot, burn; warm (tr.), heat, burn up, roast, toast, bake, fry, cook in steam, burn as bricks in a kiln, cauterize, brand; n. burning, heating, scalding

Tamil derivates : cuṭar light, brilliance, lustre, sun, sunshine, moon, planet, fire, burning lamp, flame, spark; cuṭal drops of burning oil falling from a lamp, charred end of a burning stick; cuṭalai, cuṭu-kāṭu burning-ground; cūṭu (cūṭi-) to brand (as cattle), cauterize; n. that which is heated, burnt, roasted, heat, warmth, feverishness, fomentation, hot temper, anger, brand; cūṭṭu that which is burnt or cooked, a kind of ola torch

Malayalam : cuṭuka

Malayalam meaning : to burn, be hot, feel hot; burn (tr.), make hot, toast, roast, bake, boil

Malayalam derivates : cuṭuvikka to get one to burn; cuṭar fire, brightness; cuṭala the burning-place in the southern corner of the compound, burning or burying place; cūṭu heat, burning; cūṭṭu torch; cūṭṭa top of a coconut branch used as a torch

Kannada : suḍu (suṭṭ-)

Kannada meaning : to burn, roast, bake, fire (a gun); be consumed with fire, burn, feel hot, be roasted; n. burning, etc.

Kannada derivates : suḍuka who has burned; suḍuvike, suḍuha burning; suḍu-gāḍu cemetery; sūḍu burning, cauterization; sūṭe a torch of wisps, etc.; soḍa burning; soḍar, soḍaru, soḍalu lamp; suṇṭage, suṇṭige roast meat, act of burning or roasting; that which is chiefly taken for roasting on a spit, the heart

Kodagu : cuḍ- (cuḍuv-, cuṭṭ-)

Kodagu meaning : to burn (tr.)

Kodagu derivates : cuḍɨ gaḷa cremation place; tūḍɨ torch of dry reeds or small splints of wood

Tulu : suḍupini, suḍpini, tuḍupini

Tulu meaning : to burn, be hot, sultry; burn (tr.), bake, toast, roast

Tulu derivates : suḍalè burning a dead body; suḍu, sūḍu act of burning; suḍugāḍụ cemetery; suḍsuḍu a burning sensation in the throat; suḍarụ, tuḍarụ, tuḍārụ lamp; cūḍu heat, warmth, zeal, hot, warm; cūṭè, tūṭè torch made of palm leaves, etc.; soḍarụ smell of burning

Proto-Nilgiri : *tuḍ-

Miscellaneous : KOR (O) sūḍi torch made of coconut leaves

Number in DED : 2654

Nilgiri etymology :

Proto-Nilgiri : *tuḍ-

Meaning : to burn

South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology

Kota : tuṛ- (tuṭ-) "to roast, bake (pots), burn (corpses)"

Toda : tuṛ- (tuṭ-) "to burn (tr.)"

Additional forms : Also Kota cuṛ gāṛ funeral burning-place; cūṛ (obl. cūṭ-) heat, a burn, spark thrown off by hammered iron; pair-word with pāṛ hardship (pāṛ cūṛ)

Notes : Kota forms with c- probably borrowed from Kannada (the bifurcation of the original root in two is hard to explain otherwise).

Number in DED : 2654

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *Cū̆ḍ-

Meaning : to burn, brand with a hot iron or the like; n. burning, branding, a brand

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : cū̃ḍu

Telugu (Krishnamurti) : suḍiyu "to burn (intr.)"

Number in DED : 2654

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *cuḍ-

Meaning : to cook, bake

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kolami : suḍ- (suṭṭ-) "to cook"

Kinwat Kolami : cuṛ- "to bake (bread)"

Naikri : suṭ- "to roast"

Naiki : suṛ-/suḍḍ- (suṭṭ-) "to fry"

Number in DED : 2654

Gondwan etymology :

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *sud_-

Meaning : to cook

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *suR-

Konda : sur_- (suRt-)

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *suz-

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *suR-/*sūḍ-

Gondi etymology :

Proto-Gondi : *suR-

Meaning : to cook

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Betul Gondi : surrānā "to cook bread"

Mandla Gondi (Williamson) : sūr "torch"

Gommu Gondi : hurr- "to cook bread"

Muria Gondi : hurr- "to cook bread"

Maria Gondi : or̨- "to cook bread"

Number in DED : 2654

Number in CVOTGD : 3446, 3458

Konda etymology :

Konda : sur_- (suRt-)

Meaning: to roast, burn (incense)

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Number in DED : 2654

Pengo-Manda etymology :

Proto-Pengo-Manda : *suz-

Meaning : to roast

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Pengo : huz- (hust-), huzba-

Number in DED : 2654

Kui-Kuwi etymology :

Proto-Kui-Kuwi : *suR-/*sūḍ-

Meaning : to roast, burn

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Kui : subga (< sug-b-; sugd-) "to roast; n. roasting"

Kuwi (Fitzgerald) : hūdali "to burn"

Kuwi (Schulze) : hūtinai "to burn, kindle"

Sunkarametta Kuwi : hūḍ- (-it-) "to burn, shoot with gun"

Notes : Although Kui and Kuwi forms evidently contain different consonants, there is still some reason to trace them back to a single gradation *-R-/*-ḍ-, since such a gradation is common for this root in many other Dravidian languages (cf., for instance, in Kurukh: kuṛ-nā - kuṭṭ-as).

Number in DED : 2654