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Altaic etymology :

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Proto-Altaic: *kḗrdu ( ~ k`-)
Nostratic: Nostratic
Meaning: a k. of bird of prey
Russian meaning: вид хищной птицы
Turkic: *Kạ̄rt-
Mongolian: *kaǯir
Japanese: *kútí
Comments: KW 170, Лексика 169.
altet-prnum,altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-jap,altet-reference,

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Turkic etymology :

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Proto-Turkic: *Kạ̄rt-
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: falcon, hawk
Russian meaning: сокол, ястреб
Turkish: kartal
Middle Turkic: qartal (Houts., AH, Sangl.)
Turkmen: dial. Gartal
Khakassian: xartɨɣa
Shor: qartaɣa
Yakut: kɨ̄rt, kɨ̄rdaj
Dolgan: kɨ̄rt
Tuva: xartɨɣa
Kirghiz: qartɨɣa
Kumyk: qartaq
Comments: VEWT 239, ЭСТЯ 5, 316-318, Лексика 169, Stachowski 172. Turk. *kartɨgaj > MMong. qarčigaj (SH qarčiqai), WMong. qarčiɣai (see TMN 1, 404), whence again late MTurk. qarčɨɣaj (see TMN 1, 404-405, Щербак 1997, 208). Loans from Mong. are Man. qarčin 'kite' and MKor. karčikǝi 'yellow falcon' (see Lee 1958, 119, 1964, 191).
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-trk,turcet-chg,turcet-trm,turcet-hak,turcet-shr,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-tuv,turcet-krg,turcet-qum,turcet-reference,

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Mongolian etymology :

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Proto-Mongolian: *kaǯir
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: vulture
Russian meaning: гриф, стервятник
Written Mongolian: qaǯir (L 949)
Middle Mongolian: qaǯir 'mythical bird' (MA 406)
Khalkha: xaǯir
Comments: Mong. > Kirgh. qaǯɨr etc., see ЭСТЯ 5, 183-184.
monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-reference,

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Japanese etymology :

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Proto-Japanese: *kútí
Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology
Meaning: falcon
Russian meaning: сокол
Old Japanese: kuti
Middle Japanese: kútí
Comments: JLTT 467, Miller 1979.
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-comments,

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Nostratic etymology :

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Eurasiatic: *KVrdV
Meaning: a bird of prey
Borean: Borean
Altaic: *kḗrdu ( ~ k`-)
Dravidian: *kaṛ-
References: ND 943 *k[a]ŕV 'hawk, bird of prey' ( + incorr. Kartv. < Nakh).
nostret-meaning,nostret-prnum,nostret-alt,nostret-drav,nostret-reference,

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Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-Dravidian : *kaẓ-
Meaning : vulture
Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology
Proto-South Dravidian: *kaẓ-
dravet-meaning,dravet-prnum,dravet-sdr,

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South Dravidian etymology :

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Proto-South Dravidian : *kaẓ-
Meaning : vulture
Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology
Tamil : kaẓu, kaẓuku
Tamil meaning : griffin vulture (Gyps indicus), pharaoh's chicken (Neophron gingimanus), eagle (Aquilinae falconidae)
Malayalam : kaẓu, kaẓuku, kaẓukan
Malayalam meaning : eagle, vulture
Tulu : karu, (B-K.) kaḷu
Tulu meaning : vulture
Proto-Nilgiri : *kaḍ-ǝḷ
Number in DED : 1362
sdret-meaning,sdret-prnum,sdret-tam,sdret-tammean,sdret-mal,sdret-malmean,sdret-tul,sdret-tulmean,sdret-kt,sdret-dednum,

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Nilgiri etymology :

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Proto-Nilgiri : *kaḍ-ǝḷ
Meaning : kite
South Dravidian etymology: South Dravidian etymology
Toda : koṛɫ̣
Number in DED : 1362
ktet-meaning,ktet-prnum,ktet-toda,ktet-dednum,

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Long-range etymologies :

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Borean (approx.) : KVRTV
Meaning : a k. of predator (?)
Eurasiatic : *KVrdV
Sino-Caucasian : *xgwērdV́L (?)
globet-meaning,globet-nostr,globet-scc,

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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xgw[ē]rdV́ (?)
Meaning: a k. of predator
Borean etymology: Borean etymology
North Caucasian: *gwērdV (*gwēṭV-rV)
Yenisseian: *qɨte (~χ-)
Comments and references : PY (as suggested by Vajda) may be rather related to PND *KUC- 'wolf' and perhaps to PNC *gwăǯē 'dog, wolf' (thus going back to *xgwVšdV ?).
sccet-meaning,sccet-prnum,sccet-cauc,sccet-yen,sccet-notes,

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North Caucasian etymology :

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Proto-North Caucasian: *gwērdV (*gwēṭV-rV)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: a beast or bird of prey
Proto-Nakh: *kōri
Proto-Avaro-Andian: *gʷVrV
Proto-Dargwa: *k:urt:a
Proto-Lezghian: *k:ʷert:(a)
Proto-Khinalug: gra
Notes: Reconstructed for the PEC level;correspondences are regular. This is an interesting word, signifying both a beast (hyena, fox, wolf) and a bird (hawk, falcon) of prey.

    It is interesting to note that the word for "hawk" in Gunz. is gudba-q (derived from gud-ba "fowl"), and in Abkhaz we have a-ḳʷǝṭ-rǝ́-χ́š́ 'a hawk hunting for fowl' (á-χ́š́ 'hawk') and a-ḳʷǝṭ-rǝ́-bga / a-ḳʷṭǝ́-r-bga 'fox' (á-bga 'fox'). In both cases we have forms containing PNC *gwāṭV 'hen' (q.v.), and phonetically close to the root *gwērdV that we are dealing with. This may have several explanations:

    a) a pure coincidence (which is rather unlikely);

    b) the root *gwērdV meaning 'beast or bird of prey' merged in Gunz. and Abkh. with *gwāṭV (Gunz. gudo, Abkh. a-ḳʷṭǝ́) and came to mean 'bird of prey hunting for fowl';

    c) the PEC root *gwērdV could be assimilated from *gwērṭV < *gwēṭV-rV-, representing the oblique base of *gwāṭV 'hen', and was itself actually meaning '(one hunting) for fowl' in PNC.

    [One may note also an aberrant form: Bezht. Tlad. kordaḳo 'kite' which may represent a contamination of this root with another one, reflected in Bezht. Khosh. korzaḳo id.].

    We are inclined to accept the third hypothesis (because it explains well all the semantic diversity in modern EC reflexes).

caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-nakh,caucet-aand,caucet-darg,caucet-lezg,caucet-khin,caucet-comment,

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Nakh etymology :

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Proto-Nakh: *kōri
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: hawk
Chechen: kǖra
Ingush: ker
Batsbi: kujr
Comments: Cf. also Bacb. pl. kore-lč, Chech. Cheb. kwōri, Shar. kū(ʔ)ri, Ved. kwīri etc. Since the PN form has very reliable EC parallels, we must assume that Georg. kori 'hawk' is an old Nakh loan (preserving the PN phonetic structure).
nakhet-prnum,nakhet-meaning,nakhet-che,nakhet-ing,nakhet-bcb,nakhet-comment,

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Avar-Andian etymology :

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Protoform: *gʷVrV
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: hyena
Avar: (ʕan-)gúr
Comments: Etymology of the first part (ʕan-) see under PEC *ʕwamħV. There exists also a dialectal word Unt. gʷed 'sparrow-hawk' which in all probability is a Tsezian or Lezgian loan.
aandet-prnum,aandet-meaning,aandet-ava,aandet-comment,

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Dargwa etymology :

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Proto-Dargwa: *k:urt:a
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: fox
Akusha: gurda
Chiragh: k:urt:a
Comments: Cf. also Ur. gurda, Kub. k:ūt:a, Tsud. k:urt:a.
darget-prnum,darget-meaning,darget-drg,darget-chr,darget-comment,

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Lezghian etymology :

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Proto-Lezghian: *k:ʷert:(a)
North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology
Meaning: 1 falcon 2 hawk
Lezghian: k:ard 1
Rutul: gʷad 1 (Khniukh.)
Archi: gʷet:u-b 2
Comment: Lezg. erg. k:at:ra ( < k:art:-ra). 3d class in Rut. and Arch. (in Arch., moreover, the word has a suffix -b of the 3d class, as if it were an adjective). See Хайдаков 1973, 17.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-rut,lezget-arc,lezget-comment,

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Khinalug etymology :

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Khinalug root: gra
North Caucasian etymology: 1148
Meaning: wolf
Khinalug form: gra
khinet-prnum,khinet-meaning,khinet-khi,

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Yenisseian etymology :

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Proto-Yenisseian: *qɨte (~χ-)
Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology
Meaning: wolf
Ket: qɨ̄t, Kur. qɨ̄ti1; pl. qʌtn5
Yug: xɨ̄t // xɨt, pl. xʌtn5 // xɨtn5
Arin: kut (М., Сл., Кл.), kūt (Стр.), kot (Лоск.)
Pumpokol: xótu (Сл.)
Comments: ССЕ 260. Werner 2, 155 <*qʌthǝ>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-ari,yenet-pum,yenet-notes,

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