Altaic etymology : List with all references

Proto-Altaic: *i̯ū̀ču

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to become free, retire, disappear

Russian meaning: освобождаться, отступать, пропадать

Turkic: *ɨč-

Tungus-Manchu: *ōs-

Japanese: *us-

Comments: Cf. also Kalm. usχǝ- 'to become free' (KW 452) - if not < Turk. The Jpn. form can be alternatively compared with MKor. irh- 'to lose'.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *ɨč-, *ɨč-gɨn-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to lose, disappear

Russian meaning: терять(ся), пропадать

Old Turkic: ɨčɣɨn- (Orkh., OUygh.)

Karakhanid: ɨčɣɨn- (MK), ɨč- (KB)

Tatar: ɨčqɨn-

Middle Turkic: ɨčqɨn- (Abush., Pav. C.)

Khakassian: ɨsxɨn-

Shor: ɨšqɨn-

Oyrat: ɨčqɨn-, ɨqčɨn-

Yakut: ɨhɨgɨn-

Tuva: ɨšqɨn-

Kirghiz: ɨčqɨn-

Noghai: ɨšqɨn-

Bashkir: ɨsqɨn-

Balkar: ɨčxɨn-

Kumyk: išɣɨn-

Comments: VEWT 164, ЭСТЯ 1, 672-673, ДТС 216.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *ōs-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to retire, make the place vacant

Russian meaning: отступать, уступать (место)

Evenki: ōs-

Even: ōs-

Negidal: ōs-

Ulcha: osị-

Orok: ōssị-

Nanai: ōsị-

Oroch: osu-

Comments: ТМС 2, 25-26.

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *us-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to lose, get lost, disappear

Russian meaning: терять, теряться, пропадать

Old Japanese: usa-, usi-nap-

Middle Japanese: úsá-, úsí-náf-

Tokyo: usé-, ùshina-

Kyoto: ùsè-, úshíná-

Kagoshima: usé-, ushiná-

Comments: JLTT 780. Accent reconstruction is not quite clear: for *usinap- 'to lose' the pattern *HHH is more or less secure, but for *usa- it seems best to reconstruct *ùsá- (indicated by Tokyo and Kyoto). We may actually be dealing with two original roots heavily interacting with each other.

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *wVčwV

Meaning: to disappear

Indo-European: *wās-to-

Altaic: *i̯ū̀ču

Uralic: *wäsV

Indo-European etymology :

Proto-IE: *wāsto-

Meaning: wasted, empty

Germanic: *wōst-

Latin: vāstus, -a, -um 'öde, verwüstet, leer'

Celtic: OIr fās 'leer', fāsach 'Wüste'

Germanic etymology :

Proto-Germanic: *wōst-

Meaning: wasted, abandoned

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old English: {wōsti}

Old Saxon: {wēste}

Old High German: {wuosti 'öde, unbebaut, leer, wüst'}

German: wüst

Pokorny's dictionary :

Number: 528

Root: eu-1, euǝ- : u̯ā-, u̯ǝ-

English meaning: to lack; empty

German meaning: `mangeln, leer'

General comments: besonders in partizipialen no-Bildungen

Material: Ai. ūná-, av. ū̆na- `unzureichend, ermangelnd', av. uyamna ds. (Partiz. Präs. Med. zum Präs.u-ya-); npers. vang `leer, arm', pāmir vanao `Leerheit, Eitelkeit';

arm. unain `leer' (idg. ū);

gr. εὖνις, -ιδος `beraubt, ermangelnd'; über gr. ἐτός, ()ετώσιος, das auch hierher gehören könnte, s. oben S. 73;

vielleicht hierher lat. vānus `leer, nichtig'; sehr zweifelhaft (da die k-Erweiterung nur im Ital. bezeugt ist) vacō, -āre `leer, frei sein' (daneben vocō, -āre EM² 1069); umbr. vac̨etum, uasetom `vitiatum', antervakaze, anderuacose `intermissiō', uas `vitium';

got. wans `mangelnd, fehlend' (*u̯-ono-s oder *u̯ǝ-no-s), aisl. van-r, afries. ags. as. ahd.wan ds.;

nach Mühlenbach-Endzelin IV 462 hierher lit. vañs-kariai `unausgebrütete Eier', lett. vàns-kar(i)s `unfruchtbares Ei' (mit s-k aus s-p).

Verwandt scheint u̯āsto-s `öde' in:

lat. vāstus `öde, verwüstet, leer' = air. fās `leer', fāsach `Wüste', ahd. wuosti `öde, unbebaut, leer, wüst', as. wōsti, ags. w-ēste `wüst' (mhd. nengl. waste `Wüste' aber aus dem Lat.).

References: WP. I 108 f., Feist 550.

Pages: 345-346

PIE database: PIE database