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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *gure
Meaning: flour
Russian meaning: мука
Comments: Martin 248. In Kor. the word seems to be related to kằr- 'to grind, pulverize' - but this meaning is probably secondary (the verb originally means 'to polish, whet'). The tone discrepancy between Kor. and Jpn. should be explained either by the secondary influence of this verbal stem in Korean, or by contraction in Japanese (where *kuà < *gur(e)-ga); the first explanation seems more probable because the vowel reflex in Korean is also not quite regular (*-o- would be normally expected). altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *Kürüĺ
Meaning: millet flour boiled in water or milk
Russian meaning: просяная мука, сваренная в воде или молоке
Karakhanid: küršek (MK) 1 turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-krh,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *guril
Meaning: flour
Russian meaning: мука
Written Mongolian: ɣuril, ɣulir (L 367) Middle Mongolian: qolir (IM), ɣulir (MA), ɣūlir (LH) Khalkha: guril
Buriat: guril
Kalmuck: ɣujṛ
Ordos: gulir, guril
Dongxian: quruŋ, Guruŋ
Mogol: ɣulur; ZM ɣorul (16-7b) Comments: KW 153. Mong. > Tadzh. ɣulur (Lig. VMI 46). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-mmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-dun,monget-dag,monget-mgr,monget-mogh,monget-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *kằrằ
Meaning: flour
Russian meaning: мука
Modern Korean: karu
Middle Korean: kằrằ, kăr
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *kuà
Meaning: flour
Russian meaning: мука
Old Japanese: kwo
Middle Japanese: kò
Tokyo: kó
Kyoto: kō̌
Kagoshima: kò
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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