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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *i̯ū́ńa ( ~ -u, -e)
Meaning: pit, ravine
Russian meaning: яма, овраг
Comments: A Western isogloss. It is somewhat difficult to distinguish PA *i̯ū́ńa 'pit, ravine', *i̯ŭ́ne 'notch (on arrow)' and *i̯ańu 'line, furrow' because of natural contaminations, but such a distinction seems necessary. altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-turc,altet-mong,altet-tung,altet-reference,
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Turkic etymology :
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Proto-Turkic: *ījn
Meaning: hollow, pit, lair
Russian meaning: берлога, яма
Old Turkic: in (OUygh.)
Turkmen: hīn
Halaj: hị̄n
Chuvash: jǝnǝ
Yakut: īn
Dolgan: īn
Kirghiz: ijin
turcet-prnum,turcet-meaning,turcet-rusmean,turcet-atu,turcet-krh,turcet-trm,turcet-khal,turcet-chv,turcet-jak,turcet-dolg,turcet-krg,turcet-reference,
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Mongolian etymology :
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Proto-Mongolian: *(h)oni
Meaning: defile, gorge
Russian meaning: ущелье, теснина
Written Mongolian: oni, onu (L 614, 615) Khalkha: oń
Buriat: oni
Kalmuck: onǝ
Ordos: oni
Comments: KW 286. The root is homonymous with *oni 'nick on point of an arrow' (v. sub *i̯ŭ́ne), which must be a historical coincidence (judging from external data). monget-prnum,monget-meaning,monget-rusmean,monget-wmo,monget-hal,monget-bur,monget-kal,monget-ord,monget-reference,
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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *uńi ( ~ ü-)
Meaning: small river, brook
Russian meaning: речка, ручей
Ulcha: ụńị
Orok: uńi 'river'
Nanai: ońị
Oroch: uńi
Udighe: uńi "Ańuj river"
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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