Indo-European etymology : List with all references

Proto-IE: *k'ēy-

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Meaning: to sharpen, to grind

Old Indian: śiśāti, śinoti, śyati `to whet, sharpen', aor. aśāiṣīt, aśāt, aśīta, ptc. śitá-; śāṇa- (L. śāna-) m. `whetstone, grindstone'

Avestan: saēni-š `Spitze, Wipfel'

Other Iranian: NPers sān, afsān, pām, pasān `Wetzstein'

Armenian: sur `scharf'; sur, gen. sroy `Schwert, Dolch, Messer, Rasiermesser'; sair `Schneide'

Old Greek: kō̂no-s m. `Pinienzapfen, Kegel'

Germanic: *xain-ō f.

Latin: cōs, gen. cōtis f. `Wetz-, Schleifstein', cōtēs/cautēs `spitzer Fels'

Russ. meaning: заострять, точить

References: WP I 454 f

Proto-Germanic: *xainō

Meaning: whetstone

IE etymology: IE etymology

Old Norse: hein f. `Wetzstein'

Norwegian: hein

Swedish: hen

Danish: hen

Old English: hān, -e f. `projecting stone, that forms a part of a boundary'

English: hone

Dutch: heen n., dial. heent `stijve zegge, Carex stricta'

Middle Low German: heenk, hän(ke), hennie, hän(e), hān `Carex stricta'

Middle High German: { hār `Werkzeug zum Schärfen der Sense' }

Number: 867

Root: k̂ē(i)- : k̂ō(i)- : k̂ǝ(i)-

English meaning: to sharpen, whet

German meaning: `schärfen, wetzen'

General comments: wohl Weiterbildung von ak̂- `scharf' (S. 18 ff.)

Derivatives: k̂ē-no- : k̂ō-no- `Wetzstein'; k̂ǝi-ni- ds.; k̂ǝ-to- `geschärft'

Material: Ai. śi-śā-ti (śi-śī-tē), śy-áti `schärft, wetzt', Partiz. śitá- `gewetzt, scharf' (= lat. catus, air. cath), śāta- ds., śāṇa- m. (mit mind. n̥ für n) `Wetz-, Probierstein' (= npers. san `Wetzstein'); vielleicht auch ai. śilā́ `Stein, Fels' (*k̂ǝ-lā);

av. saēni- `Spitze, Wipfel, spitz' (npers. sāyaδ `reibt') = anord. hein;

arm. sur `scharf' (*k̂ō-ro-), srem `schärfe', sur, Gen. sroy, Schwert, Messer', sair `Schneide' (*k̂e-ri-), Kompos. sairadir `Schneide', davon *sardrem, sadrem `reize, treibe an'; vielleicht auch sal, Gen. sali `Steinplatte, Amboß' (*k̂ǝ-li-, vgl. oben ai. śilā́);

gr. κω̃νος m. `Kegel, Pinienzapfen, Helmspitze, Kreisel' (= ai. śāṇa-), davon κώνειον `Schierlingskraut' (nach den Blättern);

lat. catus (nach Varro sabinisch) `acutus, scharfsinnig' (= ai. śi-ta-, air. cath); cos, cotis `Wetzstein', auch cotes, cautes f. Pl. `spitzer Fels, Riff' (das -au- Hyperurbanismus); catanus `Zedernwacholder' ist vielleicht gall. Lw.;

air. cath `weise' (= lat. catus, ai. śi-tá-);

aisl. hein f. `Wetzstein', ags. hān `Grenzstein', engl. hone `Wetzstein' (*k̂ǝi-n- : av.saēni-); mhd. hār `Werkzeug zum Schärfen der Sense' (*k̂ē-r-), mnd. haren `schärfen, scharf sein'.

References: WP. I 454 f., WH. I 181, 183 f., 190 f.

Pages: 541-542

PIE database: PIE database

Eurasiatic: *ḳVńV

Meaning: blade, sharpen

Indo-European: *k'ēy-

Altaic: *k`éńo

Dravidian: *kaṇ-

Proto-Altaic: *k`éńo

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: a k. of blade

Russian meaning: вид лезвия

Mongolian: *kaji-

Tungus-Manchu: *xeńe

Korean: *kằńắi

Japanese: *káná-i

Comments: One should also note Mong. qajiči 'scissors' - possibly a contamination of this root with *kăp`è q. v.

Proto-Mongolian: *kaji-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to cut, hack 2 a k. of arrow 3 adze

Russian meaning: 1 резать, тесать 2 вид длинной стрелы 3 кайло

Written Mongolian: qaji- 1 (L 911), qaji-mur 2 (L 913)

Buriat: xaj- 1, xajlā 3

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *xeńe

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: dull side of blade

Russian meaning: тупая сторона лезвия

Ulcha: xeńe

Comments: ТМС 1, 481.

Proto-Korean: *kằńắi

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: scissors

Russian meaning: ножницы

Modern Korean: kawi

Middle Korean: kằńắi

Comments: Nam 14, KED 23.

Proto-Japanese: *káná-i

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: metal

Russian meaning: металл

Old Japanese: kane

Middle Japanese: káné

Tokyo: kàne

Kyoto: káné

Kagoshima: káne

Comments: JLTT 437. Final -a- can be seen in compounds like OJ kana-jumji, kana-ja etc.

Proto-Dravidian : *kaṇ-

Meaning : knife, blade

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *kaṇ-ai

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *kaṇ-

Proto-South Dravidian :

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : kaṇai, kaṇṇā

Tamil meaning : long pepper, Piper longum

Malayalam : kaṇa

Malayalam meaning : long pepper, Piper longum

Kannada : kaṇa, kaṇe

Kannada meaning : long pepper, Piper longum

Number in DED : 1167

Proto-Gondi-Kui : *kaṇ-

Meaning : blade

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Proto-Gondi : *kaṇ-i

Konda : kaṇsi

Proto-Gondi : *kaṇ-i

Meaning : arrow

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Maria Gondi (Lind) : kaṇī

Number in DED : 1166

Konda : kaṇsi

Meaning: (BB) spade

Gondwan etymology: Gondwan etymology

Number in DED : 1166

Indo-European etymology :

Germanic etymology :

Pokorny's dictionary :

Nostratic etymology :

Altaic etymology :

Mongolian etymology :

Tungus etymology :

Korean etymology :

Japanese etymology :

Dravidian etymology :

South Dravidian etymology :

Gondwan etymology :

Gondi etymology :

Konda etymology :