Sino-Tibetan etymology : List with all references

Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *KālH (?)

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: importance; possibility

Chinese: 可 *khājʔ can, able, may (cf. also 哿 *kājʔ good, passable, all right).

Tibetan: gal importance; to force, to press smth. on a person.

Burmese: LB *kaj good

Kachin: mǝka (H) ability, skills

Lepcha: khŭ 1.to be able, to be capable 2.to be well, to be in condition (?)

Comments: Chepang khaaŋ (?); Yogli akhul good. Bod. 138. Uncertain. Perhaps two roots: one with *-l (possibly = *k(h)ăɫ 'work' q.v.), another with *-j, actively interfering with each other.

Chinese characters :

Character: 可

Modern (Beijing) reading: kě

Preclassic Old Chinese: khājʔ

Classic Old Chinese: khā́j

Western Han Chinese: khā́j

Eastern Han Chinese: khǟ́

Early Postclassic Chinese: khā́

Middle Postclassic Chinese: khā́

Late Postclassic Chinese: khā́

Middle Chinese: khấ

English meaning : to bear; can

Russian meaning[s]: 1) можно; мочь; разрешается, позволяется; возможно; 2) но, однако; все же; лишь; 3) подходящий, годный; заслуживающий, достойный; как раз, точка в точку; подходить (к чему-л.); 4) примерно, приблизительно; пожалуй; 5) как?, почему бы?, зачем бы?; разве?; 6) однако, то; в самом деле; 7) Кэ (фамилия)

Shuowen gloss: 肯也.從口#.#亦聲.凡可之屬皆從可. [204]

Comments: Viet. khá is colloquial; regular Sino-Viet. is kha`.

Sino-Tibetan etymology: Sino-Tibetan etymology

Dialectal data: Dialectal data

Radical: 30

Four-angle index: 2979

Karlgren code: 0001 a-c

Vietnamese reading: khá

Shijing occurrences: 9.1, 9.2, 9.3, 26.2, 26.3, 29.3, 46.1, 46.2, 46.3, 55.1, 55.2, 58.3

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Chinese Dialects :

Number: 146

Chinese etymology: Chinese etymology

Character: 可

MC description : 果開一上哿溪

ZIHUI: 0668 0194

Beijing: khô 2

Jinan: khǝ 2

Xi'an: khô 2

Taiyuan: khǝ 2

Hankou: kho 2

Chengdu: kho 2

Yangzhou: khôɨ 2

Suzhou: khǝu 2

Wenzhou: khuɔ 21

Changsha: kho 2

Shuangfeng: khû 2

Nanchang: kho 2

Meixian: kho 2

Guangzhou: hɔ 21

Xiamen: kho 2

Chaozhou: kho 21

Fuzhou: khɔ 2

Shanghai: khu 3

Zhongyuan yinyun: kho 2

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Sino-Caucasian etymology :

Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *=HikV

Meaning: to be able

North Caucasian: *=HikV

Sino-Tibetan: *Kā[j]?

North Caucasian etymology :

Proto-North Caucasian: *=HikV

Sino-Caucasian etymology: Sino-Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to be, become; be able, require

Proto-Lak: aIrki-n-

Proto-Dargwa: *=ik-

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔikä-

Proto-Khinalug: kʷi

Notes: A modal verb, confined to the Eastern Daghestan area (cf. perhaps also the Khin. present k:ʷi < *kV-wi in the suppletive paradigm of the verb 'to be, become').

Lak etymology :

Lak root: aIrki-n-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: to be necessary, require, must

Lak form: aIrkin-s:a

Comments: Cf. Khosr. aIrkʷi-n- id. A deverbative with the original verbal paradigm already lost.

Dargwa etymology :

Proto-Dargwa: *=ik-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: an auxiliary verb ('to be, to do')

Akusha: =ik- / =ilk-

Chiragh: =ik- / =irk-

Lezghian etymology :

Proto-Lezghian: *ʔikä-

North Caucasian etymology: North Caucasian etymology

Meaning: 1 to be, become 2 to be able

Rutul: =ɨkɨ- 1,2

Archi: ke- 1,2

Udi: bak-sun 1

Comment: In Rut. the root is confined to infinitive, but has a complete paradigm in Archi and Udi.