South Dravidian etymology :

Proto-South Dravidian : *pēd-

Meaning : folly; fear

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Tamil : pētu

Tamil meaning : bewilderment, folly, ignorance, delirium, sorrow, distress

Tamil derivates : pētai simpleton, ignorant person, woman as simple-minded; girl between the ages of 5 and 7; poor person; pētaimai folly, ignorance, simplicity; pēntu (pēnti-) to be bewildered; petumpai girl between the ages of 8 and 11

Kannada : pētu

Kannada meaning : confusion or distraction of mind

Tulu : pētụ, pētu

Tulu meaning : fear

Notes : Tamil pēntu is secondary.

Number in DED : 4437

Dravidian etymology :

Proto-Dravidian : *pēd-

Meaning : 1 folly, ignorance; 2 poor

Nostratic etymology: Nostratic etymology

Proto-South Dravidian: *pēd-

Proto-Telugu : *pēd-a

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *pēd-

Telugu etymology :

Proto-Telugu : *pēd-a

Meaning : poor, timid; poor man, servant

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Telugu : pēda

Additional forms : Also pēdarālu poor woman; pēdar_ikamu poverty; pēdar_imi id., timidity; (SAN) pēdagilu to become thin, poor; pēdatanamu poverty

Number in DED : 4437

Kolami-Gadba etymology :

Proto-Kolami-Gadba : *pēd-

Meaning : poor man

Dravidian etymology: Dravidian etymology

Kondekor Gadba : pēdaṭoṇ "a poor man"

Number in DED : 4437

Nostratic etymology :

Eurasiatic: *pVTV

Meaning: to fear, be intimidated

Altaic: *pi̯ằt`è

Kartvelian: Georg. pet- 'frighten; be frightened, timid'

Dravidian: *pēd-

References: ND 1831 *P_VṭV 'fright, bewilderment' ( + Arab.).

Altaic etymology :

Proto-Altaic: *pi̯ằt`è

Nostratic: Nostratic

Meaning: to suffer

Russian meaning: страдать

Turkic: *b(i)at

Mongolian: *hataɣa-

Tungus-Manchu: *pita-

Japanese: *pǝ̀tǝ̀p- / *pùtùk-

Comments: OJ pǝtǝ-pǝ-r- and PM *hata-ɣa- may reflect a common derivative *pi̯ằt`è-p`V.

Turkic etymology :

Proto-Turkic: *b(i)at

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: bad, unworthy

Russian meaning: плохой, негодный

Old Turkic: bat (Orkh., OUygh.)

Tuva: pat

Comments: EDT 296, VEWT 65.

Mongolian etymology :

Proto-Mongolian: *hataɣa-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to envy, jealousy

Russian meaning: завидовать, ревность

Written Mongolian: ataɣa(n) (L 58)

Khalkha: atā(n)

Buriat: atā(n)

Kalmuck: atān

Dagur: xatarkā- (Тод. Даг. 175)

Comments: KW 17.

Tungus etymology :

Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *pita-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: 1 to worry 2 to suffer

Russian meaning: 1 беспокоиться 2 страдать

Evenki: hitačil- 1

Even: hị̄t- 2

Comments: ТМС 2, 328. {Not quite clear is the relationship of Ewk. (ТМС 2, 319) hatin- 'to be frightened'.}

Japanese etymology :

Proto-Japanese: *pǝ̀tǝ̀p- / *pùtùk-

Altaic etymology: Altaic etymology

Meaning: to be angry, disturbed

Russian meaning: сердиться, тревожиться

Old Japanese: putukum-

Middle Japanese: futuk-, fòtòfòr-, fùtùkùm-

Comments: JLTT 693, 695. OJ potopor- and putuk- are hard to separate; the vocalism in putuk- may have been influenced by putukurwo / put(w)ok(w)orwo 'breast' (or else the vocalism in potopor- may have been influenced by a homonymous potopor- 'to emit heat').

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