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North Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-North Caucasian: *ḳ(w)inV
Meaning: small bone
Notes: Reasons for delabialisation in PAK are not clear; otherwise the correspondences are quite regular. Note that this root was specifically used to denote a small bone for throwing (Russ. 'альчик') - hence also the meaning 'lot' in Lak. See Abdokov 1983, 74 (Tsakh.-WC).
caucet-prnum,caucet-meaning,caucet-lak,caucet-lezg,caucet-abad,caucet-comment,
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Lak etymology :
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Lak root: ḳunu
Meaning: lot
Lak form: ḳunu
laket-prnum,laket-meaning,laket-lak,
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Lezghian etymology :
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Proto-Lezghian: *ḳʷini-j (~*ḳʷinu-j)
Meaning: 1 ankle 2 knuckle-bone 3 hip, hip-bone
Lezghian: ḳunuḳ 1 (Khl.)
Rutul: ḳuni 2
Tsakhur: ḳunu 2
Kryz: ḳʷani 3
Comment: 3d class in all class-distinguishing languages. The form is reduplicated in Lezg., and has a *-j-suffix in other languages. In Rut. and Tsakh. it means specifically 'a knuckle-bone for playing, dice'.
lezget-prnum,lezget-meaning,lezget-lzg,lezget-rut,lezget-cak,lezget-krz,lezget-comment,
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Abkhaz-Adyghe etymology :
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Proto-West-Caucasian: *ḳ́anǝ
Meaning: knucklebone
Adyghe: č̣́an
Kabardian: č̣an
Comments: PAK *ḳánǝ (in PWC both *ḳ and *ḳ́ may be reconstructed).
abadet-prnum,abadet-meaning,abadet-adg,abadet-kab,abadet-comment,
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Sino-Caucasian etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Caucasian: *xḳweńV̆́
Meaning: bone, cartilage
sccet-meaning,sccet-cauc,sccet-stib,sccet-yen,
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Sino-Tibetan etymology :
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Proto-Sino-Tibetan: *khʷăn (~ ghʷ-, qhʷ-)
Meaning: bond, stake
Tibetan: rgjan a stake or pledge at play.
Burmese: khwan taxes.
Kachin: (H) khan taxes, tribute (possibly from Burm.).
stibet-prnum,stibet-meaning,stibet-chin,stibet-tib,stibet-burm,stibet-kach,
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Chinese characters :
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Character: 券
Modern (Beijing) reading: quàn
Preclassic Old Chinese: khʷans
Classic Old Chinese: khwanh
Western Han Chinese: khwanh
Eastern Han Chinese: khwanh
Early Postclassic Chinese: khwàn
Middle Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̀n
Late Postclassic Chinese: khwǝ̀n
Middle Chinese: khwǝ̀n
English meaning : bond, deed, consisting of two halves (wooden parts) [LZ]
Russian meaning[s]: 1) билет (напр. казначейский); облигация; чек; 2) контракт; акт; документ; квитанция
Comments: The series is basically in *-en, thus a reconstruction *khʷren-s is not excluded (with irregular MC khwǝ̀n instead of normal *khwèn).
Radical: 18
Four-angle index: 4203
Karlgren code: 0226 l
bigchina-reading,bigchina-ochn,bigchina-cchn,bigchina-wchn,bigchina-echn,bigchina-epchn,bigchina-mpchn,bigchina-lpchn,bigchina-mchn,bigchina-meaning,bigchina-oshanin,bigchina-comment,bigchina-stibet,bigchina-radical,bigchina-oshval,bigchina-karlgren,
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Yenisseian etymology :
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Proto-Yenisseian: *qōń- (~χ-,-ɔ̄-)
Meaning: cartilage
Ket: qɔń4 (South.), pl. qɔńeŋ5; Kur. qɔńi4 / qɔ:ńi4, Bak., Sur. qɔ:ńǝ4 / qɔńǝ4, pl. South. qɔńǝŋ5
Yug: xɔ:hń, pl. xɔneŋ5
Comments: ССЕ 264. Werner 2, 106 <*qɔʔǝn'ǝ>.
yenet-prnum,yenet-meaning,yenet-ket,yenet-sym,yenet-notes,
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