Central Khoisan etymology : List with all references

Notes : Contact solution is excluded here (the root is well reconstructible, e. g., for Proto-North Khoisan, and does not contain a nasalized efflux in that language, unlike the Proto-Khoe reconstruction).

khoiet-meaning,khoiet-bsh,khoiet-ckh,khoiet-had,khoiet-notes,

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Peripheral Khoisan etymology :

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Number : 265

Proto-Bushman : *ǀʷʔau

Meaning : duiker

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Proto-Ju : *ǀʼau

Bushman > Ju : Bushman > Ju

Proto-Taa : *ʘhV́ (?)

Bushman > Taa : Bushman > Taa

Proto-!Wi : *ǂqhɛ (?)

Bushman > !Wi : Bushman > !Wi

ǂHoan : *ʘʔu

Bushman > ǂHoan : Bushman > ǂHoan

Notes : It is tempting to compare the SK forms with the obvious NK-ǂHoan isogloss; cf., however, cases like *ǀʷna- 'head', which show that SK prefers to agree with NK rather than ǂHoan in such occurrences.

bshet-proto,bshet-meaning,bshet-prnum,bshet-nkh,bshet-nkhnum,bshet-xoo,bshet-xoonum,bshet-xam,bshet-xamnum,bshet-hoan,bshet-hoannum,bshet-notes,

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North Khoisan etymology :

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Proto-Ju: *mˤʔm

Tonal pattern: LH [j] ~ XL [e]

Meaning: to suckle

Juǀʼhoan : m̀ˤʔḿ

Juǀʼhoan (Snyman): mˤʔm

Kavango : m̏ˤ

Ekoka : m̏m̀ˤ

Tsumkwe : m̀ˤʔḿ

Tsintsabis : ʔḿˤʔḿ

Okongo : ʔḿˤʔḿ

Leeunes : m̀ˤʔḿ

Mpunguvlei : m̀ˤʔḿ

Cuito : m̀ˤʔḿ

Cuando : ḿḿˤ ~ ʔm̀ˤhḿˤ

South Omatako : m̀ˤʔḿ

North Omatako : m̀ˤʔḿ

Kameeldoring : m̀ˤḿ

Lister : m̀ˤʔḿ

References : Dickens 235; Heikkinen 1986; KH 45; Snyman 47; Snyman 1997: 56.

RefLex number: 894

nkhet-tonal,nkhet-meaning,nkhet-juh,nkhet-juh_sn,nkhet-kvn,nkhet-ekk,nkhet-tsu,nkhet-tsi,nkhet-oko,nkhet-lee,nkhet-mpu,nkhet-cui,nkhet-cua,nkhet-oms,nkhet-omn,nkhet-kam,nkhet-lis,nkhet-refer,nkhet-reflex,

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South Khoisan (Taa subgroup) etymology :

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Proto-Taa : *ʘhV́

Stems : *ʘhV́-n

Meaning : duiker

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

!Xoong : ʘhán 3 I, pl. ʘhána 2 I; ʘʔi, ʘʔe, ʘʔẽĩ, ʘhã, ʘŋ (Mg.)

Masarwa : ʘhō "steenbok", ʘpyn "duikerbok"; ʘhyn |k"ʌn "black beetle with spots" (see the !Xóõ entry)

|Nu//en : ʘhõ

!Xoong derivates : dim. ʘhūu-bâ, pl. ʘhūu-nî; ʘhán |qʔàn "toktokkie beetle (lit. duiker heart)"; ʘhán à̰a "lit. male duiker, i.e. flu and cold caused by the moon"; ʘhán |è ||áʔn 3 II, pl. ʘhána |ã̀ ||áʔn-sã́ 2 II "mature female duiker"

References : Bleek 682, 683, 686; Maingard 1958: 101; Traill 50.

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South Khoisan (!Wi subgroup) etymology :

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Proto-!Wi : *ǂqhɛ

Meaning : duiker

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

|Xam : !kā (B.)

//Ng : !kē

N|huki : ǂqhee, ǂqhe

#Khomani : ǂkhei (Dk.)

//Kxau : |hē

|Auni : ǂkhē

References : Bleek 287, 401, 420, 661; NFn.

xamet-meaning,xamet-prnum,xamet-txam,xamet-lng,xamet-tnu,xamet-khom,xamet-kxau,xamet-auni,xamet-refer,

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East #Hoan etymology :

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Proto-#Hoan : *ʘʔu

Meaning : duiker

Bushman etymology : Bushman etymology

#Hoan : ʘʔu (C.); ʘʔú (G.)

References : Collins 2001: 458; Gruber 1975: 7.

hoanet-meaning,hoanet-prnum,hoanet-hoan,hoanet-refer,

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Hadza etymology :

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Proto-Hadza : *ndofeda

Meaning : duiker

Khoisan etymology : Khoisan etymology

Hadza : ndofeda (E.); ndófêdà (TBW)

References : Elderkin; TBW 313.

hadet-meaning,hadet-prnum,hadet-had,hadet-refer,

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