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Tungus etymology :
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Proto-Tungus-Manchu: *pańa-n
Meaning: shadow
Russian meaning: тень
Evenki: hańan
Even: hịńān
Negidal: xańan
Spoken Manchu: faiŋǝ 'soul' (771)
Literary Manchu: fajaŋGa 'soul, spirit'
Ulcha: pańa(n)
Orok: pana(n)
Nanai: pańã
Oroch: xańa(n)
Udighe: xańa(n)
tunget-prnum,tunget-meaning,tunget-rusmean,tunget-evk,tunget-evn,tunget-neg,tunget-sib,tunget-man,tunget-ulc,tunget-ork,tunget-nan,tunget-orc,tunget-ude,tunget-reference,
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Altaic etymology :
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Proto-Altaic: *pàńé ( ~ p`-)
Meaning: shadow
Russian meaning: тень
Comments: Цинциус 1984, 31. An Eastern isogloss. The Korean etymology in SKE 187 - to TM *pak- 'dark' - is hardly plausible). Cf. perhaps also TM *pāŋ-sa- ( < *pań-ŋsa?) 'black'. altet-meaning,altet-rusmean,altet-tung,altet-kor,altet-jap,altet-reference,
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Korean etymology :
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Proto-Korean: *pám
Meaning: night
Russian meaning: ночь
Modern Korean: pam
Middle Korean: pám
koret-prnum,koret-meaning,koret-rusmean,koret-phn,koret-ako,koret-reference,
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Japanese etymology :
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Proto-Japanese: *pǝ̀nǝ́ ( ~ -ua-)
Meaning: dim
Russian meaning: тусклый
Old Japanese: p(w)on(w)o(-ka)
Middle Japanese: fònó(-ka)
Tokyo: hónoka
Kyoto: hònókà
Kagoshima: honoká
japet-prnum,japet-meaning,japet-rusmean,japet-ajp,japet-mjp,japet-tok,japet-kyo,japet-kag,japet-comments,
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